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what is a phospolipid? has two parts of the cell membrane what is homeostasis The ability to maintain a steady state despite changing conditions What is dissociation? it is coming apart of a compound. Example h20-> OH + H what is an acid? forms H+ in water, <ph 7 what is a basic? Alkaline, forms OH in H20, ph > 7 What defines the Ph The amount of H+ ions in a solution. What pH is water? lemon? stomach acid? seawater? baking soda? 7.0, 2.3, 1-3, 7.8, 9 __% of rain comes from SO2, water forms sulfur? HCL --> H+Cl what is the purpose of a buffer system? It is used to bring balance to the pH solution. What is a functional group? A cluster of atoms attached to the molecule that creates specific hemical properties to a molecule. List 7 functional groups hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, phophate Give an example of a same structure group that has a different placement? Sex hormones estrogen and testosterone. Define Hydroxl, give the structure, compound name and example -OH, alcohol, and ethanol Define carbonyl, compound name, and example. -c=o, ketones, propanal define carboxyl, compound name, and example -c=oh-o, carboylic acid, acetic acids Define Amino, give compound name NH2, amines, Define sulfhydryl, give compound -SH, thiols, Define Phosphate PO4, organic phosphates What is a marcomolecules? They are the building blocks of carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids. What are some characteristics of carbon? Tetra valence, not ionic bond friendly, covalent bonder, most abundant element in life. what is the chemical of life? Organic Molecules, What make up hydrocarbons? Hydrogen, and carbon atoms. What is an isomer? they are compounds with same molecular formula but with different structures and properties. what are the types of isomers Structural, geometric, enatiomers What is a sturcural isomer? it differs in covalent bonds, they have the same formula but a different makeup. What is a geometric isomer? differs in arrangment, what are the types of geometric isomer? CIS which is same sided, and Trans which are opposite arrangements. what is an enantiomers? they are isomers that are mirror images of each other but may have different effects. Example estrogen, testosterone What is a fat? it is a lipid, triglycerides, phospholipid, waxes, and sterols What is a protein? is a chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds what is a nucleotide? tHEY are the building blocks of DNA and RNA how does an amino acid break down? by dehydration, it losses water in the process. This processes is called a peptide bond. What is the secondary structure of building an amino acid? it folds or coils, what is a tertiary structure? after the 2nd structure, a bond between the R groups fold. what is Quaternary structure? it is a protein that is made up of more than 1 poly peptide.