Islam Historical Terms and concepts
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Created by:
hjosovitz1 on June 11, 2012
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41 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Abu-Al Abbas | Leader of the Rebellion against Umayyad. Descendent of Muhammad's uncle moved the capital to Bagdad. |
| Abu- Bakr | Became first Caliph in 632. Invoked Jihad. Loyal friend of Muhammad. |
| Alhambra | Palace located in Granada Spain. Built by the moors in the 14th century. |
| Ali | THe caliph after Uthman was murdered in 656. Ali was assasinated in 661. He was muhammids cousin and son in law. |
| Allah | Muslim God |
| Arabesques | Complex ornate design. usaully incorportes flowers, leaves, and geometric patterns. |
| Arabic | Langauge Arabs spoke and the langauge the Koran is written in. |
| Arabs | People who lived in Arabia |
| Battle of Tours | 732. Berbers agianst Europeans. Took place within 200 miles of Paris. The europeans won and halted the muslims from advancing north |
| Baazar | The market place or Shopping quater especially one in the middle east |
| Bedouins | Nomatic people who live in the Arabian Penn. Lived in tents |
| Berbers | The people who conqured spain (muslims) frm North Africa. Part of umayyad caliphate that was started by Abd al Rahman |
| Caliph | "Successor" or "Deputy". A leader of the muslims |
| Dome of the Rock | Place where Muslims believe Muhammad asesneded to heaven |
| Fatimids | Dynasty the emerged in in Egypt. Establisehd Shia Dynasty in Egypt. Capital cair. 950-1200 |
| Five Pillars of Islam | 1. Profession of faith: Allah is only GOd, Muhammad is Allah's phrophet 2. Pray five times a day 3. Zakat charity 4. Fasting during the mounth of Ramadon 5. Hajj: pilgrimage to mecca |
| Harun al-Rashid | Hero of several stories in Arabian Nights. Most celebrated of all Caliphs |
| Ibn Rushd | ( Averroes) tried to harmonize plato and aristotles views with those of Islam |
| Ibn Sina | (Avicenna) compiled a medical encyolopedia that showed the contagious nature of certain diseases and showed how they could be spread. |
| Islam | the religioun created by Muhammad |
| Kaaba | a black cube building in Mecca. It had all the idols form the different beduouin tribes. It was a non war zone |
| Khadija | Muhammids wife |
| Quaran | Muslim bible. Written in Arabic. Allah's message transmitted to Muhammad |
| Mihrab | a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the direction of Mecca |
| Mu'awiya | Challenged Ali. Governer of Syria |
| Meuzzen | the person who calls muslims to prayer |
| Mosque of Cordoba | uses two levels of Arcs. Style bases on priciple sof other mosques |
| Muhammad | Founder of Islam. Born in 570 Ce. Was a merchant. Had a vision while meditating in a cave. Only one God everyone equal. |
| Muslims | the people who practice the religion Islam |
| Ramadan | The fast (sunrise to sunset) that is done in the month of Ramadan |
| Sharia | A body of law composed of Koran and the Sunna |
| Sheikh | Leader of an Arab village or Family |
| Shi'ites or Shia | maens the party of Ali. Members are called Shi'tes |
| Sulfism | Islamic Mysticism |
| Sunni | Did not outwardly resist Umayyad rule. MEans followers of Muhammads example. |
| The Abbasid Dynasty | Led by the Abu al-Abbas/ challenged Umayyads in Damascus they had a banquet and killed everyone |
| Arabian Night/Tales from 1001 Nights | A book of folk tales, fables, and romances of Indian and indigenous origin. |
| The Hajj | Pilgramage to MEcca. Every able bodied Muslim supposed to do once. When they get to Mecca they are supposed to walk around in a circle seven times. One of the five pillars. |
| THe Hijrah or Hegira | The journey Muhammad took with his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 ce. Muslims consider it to be the start of their Calendar. |
| The Umayyads | responsible for killing of Heusan. Mu'awiya moved capital to Damascus. 611-750 |
| Zakat | Charity. giving alms to the poor. one of five pillars |
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