Bio30 Chapter 16.4 - Reproductive Strategies
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13 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Asexual reproduction | reproduction that requires only one parent and does not involve gametes; produces genetically identical offspring |
| Sexual reproduction | reproduction involving meiosis, gamete formation and fertilization; produces genetically distinct offspring |
| Binary fission | asexual reproductive process of cell division in bacteria; produces genetically idential population |
| Conjugation | in micro-organisms, a process of reproduction that involves the transfer of genetic material from one cell to another by cell to cell contact through a bridging structure; creates cell with new genetic combinations |
| Pilus (pili) | extensions of a bacterial cell enabling it to transfer genetic materials from one individual to another through the process of conjugation |
| Budding | asexual form of reproduction where by a new organism develops as an outgrowth of the body of the parent |
| Vegetative reproduction | a form of asexual reproduction in which a new plant grows from a modified stem |
| Fragmentation | form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism is created from a fragment (portion) of a parent organism |
| Parthenogenesis | form of asexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into an adult |
| Spore | reproductive cell capable of developing into a new organism without fusion with another cell, in contrast to a gamete; contains genetic material and cytoplasm surrounded by a protective sheath or wall |
| Alternation of generations | term describing the life cycle of a plant that alternates between a diploid sporophyte generation and a haploid gametophyte generation |
| Sporophyte | diploid generation of a plant that produces haploid spores (through the process of meiosis) that develop withouth fertilization into a gametophyte |
| Gametophyte | haploid generation of a plant; produces male and female gametes that fuse at fertilization to form a diploid sporophyte |
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