CNS Opiate Agonists/Antagonists & Stimulants
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Created by:
escarborough2 on June 12, 2012
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 pentazocine | talwin |
| pentazocine | partial opiate agonist |
| pentazocine | Notes: Similar to morphine; may cause withdrawal |
| pain | pentazocine is a partial opiate agonist used for |
| respiratory | opiates will cause changes to the ____ rate |
| opiates | use care with _____ in the young and old because we worry about them being able to metabolize any drug |
| intracranial pressure | opiates can increase this so use them with care in head injured patients |
| suppress respirations | watch opiate use during pregnancy, labor and delivery, because it might do this to an infant |
| respiratory reserve | use opiates with care in patients when this is decreased |
| CNS depressants | be careful of drug interactions with these type of drugs when using alcohol |
| anticholinergics | be careful of constipation when using these type of drugs |
| naloxone | narcan |
| naloxone | Use: Treatment of narcotic overdose; ↓ respiratory depression post-operatively or in overdose; opiate antagonist |
| naloxone | Notes: Will induce withdrawal syndrome—this may be life-threatening (not often, but may happen with pts. w seizure disorders or heart problems) These are used for supportive care.; opiate antagonist |
| naloxone | opiate antagonist |
| CNS stimulants | most of these re based on either amphetamines or caffeine |
| CNS stimulants | Mechanism of Action - ↑ release of NE in CNS resulting in ↑ alertness, ↓ fatigue, mood elevation; class of drugs |
| CNS stimulants | are all related to norepinephrine and elicit the fight or flight response; class of drugs |
| CNS stimulants | used in patients with Narcolepsy, ADD in children (may accelerate "slow-rate" behavior while suppressing "fast-rate" behavior).; class of drugs |
| CNS stimulants | users should be monitored for growth, high blood pressure, sleep disorders. Drug holidays should be strongly encouraged. Watch for abuse!; class of drugs |
| d-Amphetamine | dexedrine |
| d-Amphetamine | Adderall |
| d-Amphetamine | Notes: These may cause restlessness, tremor, headache, and dizziness.; CNS stimulant |
| methylphenidate | ritalin |
| methylphenidate | concerta |
| methylphenidate | metadate |
| methylphenidate | Notes: high BP, weight loss; do NOT use with MAOIs or in seizure disorders. Extended release (1 a day), usually decreases appetite. Wear off by the end of the day.; CNS stimulant |
| atomexitine | strattera |
| atomexitine | Notes: Less potential for abuse; not controlled. Raises BP, increases NE release. Good for adults and older kids; CNS stimulant |
| behavior modification | has been proven to be the best way to treat ADD |
| caffeine | is in lots of OTC preps to either ↑ alertness, constrict vessels (headache, cold preps) or to enhance water excretion.; CNS stimulant |
| caffeine | Examples include Goody's powder, Excedrin, and Aquaban.; CNS stimulant |
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