| Term | Definition |
|---|
| solid to liquid | melting point |
| liquid to solid | freezing point |
| liquid to gas | boiling point or evaporation |
| gas or vapor to liquid | cooling point or condensation |
| solid to gas | sublimation |
| gas to solid | deposition |
| water cycle | the process by which water is recycled |
| transpiration | the process by which plants release water vapor into the air through their leaves |
| evaporation | the process of liquid water changing into water vapor due to increased energy; molecule vibrate faster |
| true | true or false: only water molecules evaporate, leaving behind pollution, salts, etc. |
| respiration | the process by which animals release water vapor into the air when they breathe |
| false | true or false: clouds are made of water vapor sticking to dust particles in the air |
| condensation | when water vapor changes into liquid water |
| precipitation | water running back to Earth as rain, snow, sleet or hail |
| true | true or false: the water is always balanced |
| false | true or false: the water supply on earth is always changing |
| groundwater | the water below the earth's surface |
| runoff | the process of water on the surface of the earth flowing downslope to larger bodies |
| radiant energy | includes energy traveling in rays; type of energy given off by the sun |
| radiation | heat moving in waves with no atoms or molecules present |
| conduction | heat energy moves from one object to the next due to DIRECT CONTACT |
| convection | process by which heat is moved by a carrier due to density differences |
| temperature | a measure of the average vibration of the molecules in a substance |
| volume | how compact the molecules are in a substance; how much space something takes up |
| true | true or false: the higher the temp the farther the molecules space apart |
| air pressure | the force of the weight of air over a prescribed area |
| Pascal (Pa) | unit for pressure |
| low pressure | high or low pressure: high vibration |
| high pressure | high or low pressure: low vibration |
| low pressure | high or low pressure: high density |
| high pressure | high or low pressure: low density |
| low pressure | high or low pressure: air SINKS |
| high pressure | high or low pressure:air RISES |
| barometer | instrament used to mesure air pressure |
| isobars | lines on a weather map connecting areas of equal air pressure |
| 4 millibars | there is a difference of __ _______ between each isobar |
| highs | areas of higher pressure than areas around it; peaks of air |
| clockwise | in which direction do highs spin? |
| lows | areas with lower air pressure than surrounding areas; valleys of air |
| counter clockwise | in which direction do lows spin? |
| false | true or false: air always moves from low to high pressure |
| wind | moving air caused by differences in air pressure |
| uneven heating | what causes differences in air pressure? |
| Bernoulli's Principle | principle that states, as velocity increases pressure decreases |
| wind vanes | measures direction of the wind |
| where they come from | winds are named based on what? |
| local winds | daily or seasonal winds |
| anemometer | measure speed of wind |
| sea breeze | cool breeze during the day coming from sea |
| ocean | where is the area of high pressure during the sea breeze? |
| land breeze | cool air from land during the night |
| land | where is the area of high pressure during the land breeze? |
| ocean | where is the area of low pressure during the land breeze? |
| mountain breeze | cool air from mountians going down to valley durring the night |
| valley breeze | cool air moving from valley to mountians during the day |
| cold | is it warm or cold during a mountian breeze? |
| global winds | patterns of winds around the world caused by pressure differences |
| coriolis effect | chang in direction of the wind caused by spin of earth |
| jet stream | narrow high speed, high pressure bands of wind caused by temperature differences of polar and eqaulator masses |
| air masses | large body of air with the same temperature and humidity throughout; high pressure in center; low on edges |
| source region | regions where air masses form |
| maritime (m) | moist winds coming from oceans or other bodies of water |
| continetal (c) | dry winds coming from land masses |
| polar (p) | clod air masses coming from the polar regions |
| tropical (t) | warm air masses coming from the equator |
| front | boundry between two air masses dependant on density and speed of masses |
| warm fromt | when warmer air moves over a cold air mass; takes a long time |
| cold front | when cold air replaces a warm air mass; takes shortish time |
| stationary front | fromt that does not move for some time; how long stationary depends on stability; ends up acting like a warm front |
| occluded front | rarest front; cold front catches up and overtakes warm front lifting it off the ground |
| stratus | layers of smooth, even sheets, form at low altitudes |
| cummulus | masses of puffy, whit e clouds with flat bases |
| cirrus | fibrous or curly clouds, high thin, white and feathery |
| forecast | prediction about future weather |
| false- wind direction | forecasts are based on wind speed, air pressure, and cloud cover |
| Beufort Scale | chart showing speed of wind based on wind effects |
| weather maps | maps providing overall picture of weather activity across Earth collected from weather stations |
| station model | group of symbols describing data collected at a particular station |
| surface map | station models of all the weather stations |
| isotherm | lines that connect places of equal temperature |
Combine with other sets
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