us1 final
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Created by:
emilyherbst on June 15, 2012
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52 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 formation of political parties | In the mid 1790s, the people started to disagree over government. Federalists were people who SUPPORTED the administration. Jeffersonian Republicans were the coalition AGAINST the Federalists. Federalists supported by: merchants, manufacturers, commercial farmers Jeffersonian supported by: urban workers, artisans |
| Judiciary Act of 1789 | legislation passed by congress that created the federal court system |
| Whiskey Rebellion | Rebellion in 1794 by farmers in western Pennsylvania against the tax on whiskey |
| Hamilton assumption | Assumption meant that the federal government would become liable for the states' debts. Some states, such as Virginia, had already paid off their debts and would gainnothing from assumption.The south agreed to it only if the capital was moved to the south. |
| VA and KY Resolutions | Written anonymously by Jefferson and Madison in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, they declared that states could nullify federal laws that the states considered unconstitutional. |
| 1800 Presidential Election | Jefferson and Burr tied, Adams lost by 8 votes, The House of Representatives chose the president |
| Marbury vs. Madison | Case in which the supreme court first asserted th power of Judicial review in finding that the congressional statue expanding the Court's original jurisdiction was unconstitutional |
| National Bank | Bank of the United States. Controversial because the Constitution does NOT state that we should have a National Bank. |
| Nullification | the states'-rights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress |
| War of 1812 | a war (1812-1814) between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France |
| Battle of New Orleans | Jackson led a battle that occurred when British troops attacked U.S. soldiers in New Orleans on January 8, 1815; the War of 1812 had officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent in December, 1814, but word had not yet reached the U.S. |
| Trail of Tears | Refers to the forced relocation in 1838 of the Cherokee Native American tribe to the Western United States, which resulted in the deaths of an estimated 4,000 Cherokees. Resulted from the enforcement of the Treaty of New Echota, an agreement signed under the provisions of the Indian Removal Act. |
| Erie Canal | Begun in 1817 and finished in 1825, this was America's first major canal project, a 363-mile-long artificial waterway connecting the Hudson River with Lake Erie |
| the Five Civilized Tribes | Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw. All of the above tribes had complied to every US demand, especially the Cherokee, who had a Supreme Court and formal Constitution. However, settlers in Georgia forced them out in order to steal their land. This leads to the Trail of Tears and Removal Act of 1830 |
| American System | Economic program advanced by Henry Clay that included support for a national bank, high tariffs, and internal improvements; emphasized strong role for federal government in the economy. |
| Monroe Doctorine | President James Monroe's statement forbidding further colonization in the Americas and declaring that any attempt by a foreign nation to colonize would be considered an act of hostility |
| Frederick Douglas | Self-educated slave who escaped in 1838, Douglas became the best-known abolitionist speaker. He edited an anti-slavery weekly, the North Star. |
| Nat Turner | Slave from VA that led group of slaves to kill their slaves holders abd familes. Turner caught and executed on Nov.11, 1831. Slave states stricker control on slave population. |
| Temperance movement | Reform movement begun in the 1800's that fought to ban alcohol in the U.S. This movement led to the passage of the 18th Amendment in 1920. |
| Sojourner Truth | United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and for the rights of women (1797-1883) |
| Fifty-Four Forty or Fight | A slogan that refers to the latitude 54-40, the northern limit of the disputed Oregon territory between America and the British. |
| Texas-What do American settlers want? | ... |
| James K. Polk | Polk was a slave owning southerner dedicated to Democratic party. In 1844, he was a "dark horse" candidate for president, and he won the election. Polk favored American expansion, especially advocating the annexation of Texas, California, and Oregon. He was a friend and follower of Andrew Jackson. He opposed Clay's American System, instead advocating lower tariff, separation the treasury and the federal government from the banking system. He was a nationalist who believed in Manifest Destiny. |
| Gadsen Purchase | strip of land in present day Arizona and New Mexico for which the United States paid Mexico $10 million in 1853. |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | Treaty that ended the Mexican War, granting the U.S. control of Texas, New Mexico, and California in exchange for $15 million |
| Annexation of Texas | Texas seceded from Mexico and declared independence in response to Mexican abolition of slavery. US adopts/annexes Texas because Southern states support Texas slavery. The North fearded expansion of slavery and war with Mexico. |
| Empresarios of Texas | Land grants offered to American settlers from the Mexican government. American settlers bought this cheap land in return for a pledge to obey Mexican laws and observe the official religion of Roman Catholicism |
| Bear Flag Republic | aka the California republic; the result of a revolt by Americans on June 14, 1846, in the town of Sonoma against the authorities of the Mexican province of California; the Republic lasted less than a month. The republic eventually became the present-day state of California. |
| Forty-niners | Easterners who flocked to California after the discovery of gold there. They established claims all over northern California and overwhelmed the existing government. Arrived in 1849. |
| Wilmot Proviso | Bill that would ban slavery in the territories acquired after the War with Mexico |
| Compromise of 1850 | Forestalled the Civil War by instating the Fugitive Slave Act , banning slave trade in DC, admitting California as a free state, splitting up the Texas territory, and instating popular sovereignty in the Mexican Cession |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | This Act set up Kansas and Nebraska as states. Each state would use popular sovereignty to decide what to do about slavery. People who were proslavery and antislavery moved to Kansas, but some antislavery settlers were against the Act. |
| Free-soil Party | Formed in 1847 - 1848, dedicated to opposing slavery in newly acquired territories such as Oregon and ceded Mexican territory. |
| Dred Scott | American slave who sued his master for keeping him enslaved in a territory where slavery was banned under the Missouri Compromise |
| Harper's Ferry | Location of federal arsenal that John Brown raided to get guns to arm slaves |
| Lincoln's view on slavery | He believed it was wrong and wanted to prevent it from spreading. However, he did not want to interfere with states in which it already existed. |
| Advantages and disadvantages of North and South going into Civil War | ... |
| Union and Condfederate victories/turnin points | ... |
| POW's during Civil War and camps | ... |
| Appomattox | the site of surrender of the Confederate general Lee to Union general Grant in April 1865, marking the end of the Civil War, his surrender prevent several more years of guerilla war, Grant was lenient- the idea of reconciliation not vengeance, the south could keep its horses and the generals could keep their guns |
| Gettysburg Address | a 3-minute address by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War (November 19, 1963) at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg |
| New technologies during Civil War | ... |
| Civil War Amendments | Also know as the 13,14,15 Amendments. The thirteenth amendment abolished slavery. The 14th guaranteed citizenship to former slavers. The 15th declared that states may not deny the vote of any citizen on the basis of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude." |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Issued by abraham lincoln on september 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free |
| Anaconda Plan | Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south |
| Story of General McClellan | ... |
| Secession of southern states | Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, South Carolina (first), North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama |
| Approaches to Reconstruction | ... |
| Black codes | Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves |
| Readmission to Union | Lincoln's plan was to readmit states when 10 percent of the voters pledged loyalty to the U.S and agreed to the abolition of slavery. But, he was assassinated. |
| Reconstruction Act of 1867 | This Act was passed by Congress which was vetoed by President Johnson. This Act invalidated the state govn'ts formed under the Lincoln & Johnson plans and all the legal decisions made by those govn'ts. |
| Hiram Revels | African American minister who was elected to serve in the Senate; one of the first blacks to serve in the Senate |
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