Pharm Exam 2 General Terms
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Created by:
kristinanderson1987 on June 16, 2012
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Muscarinic Agonists | mimic the effects of ACH at muscarinic receptors |
| Muscarinic Antagonists (parasympatholytics; antimuscarinics; anticholinergics) | Block the effects of ACh at muscarinic receptors |
| Ganglionic Stimulating Agents | (such as nicotine itself) mimic the effects of ACh at nicotinic n receptors of autonomic ganglia |
| Ganglionic Blocking Agents | Block ganglionic nicotinic N receptors |
| Neuromuscular Blocking Agents | Block the effects of ACh at niconitic M receptors |
| Cholinesterase Inhibitors | Prevent the breakdown of ACh by acetylchinesterase and thereby increase the activation of all cholinergic receptors |
| Anticholinergic Drug | Blocks muscarinic receptors (such as Atropine) |
| Activation of Dopamine Receptors | 1) Dilation of renal blood vessels, leading to increased renal perfusion |
| Activation of Beta 1 Receptors | 1) Increased HR, contraction, and AV conduction velocity 2) Renin release from the kidney |
| Activation of Beta 2 Receptors | 1) Bronchiol dilation 2) Relaxation of uterine smooth muscle 3) Vasodilation 4) Glycogenolysis leading to increased glucose levels in the blood stream 5) Increased skeletal muscle contraction |
| Activation of Alpha 2 Receptors | Inhibits the release of transmitter (located in presynaptic nerve terminals) |
| Activation of Alpha 1 Receptors | 1) Eye- causes mydriasis 2) Vessels - causes vasoconstriction 3) Male Sex Organs - causes ejaculation 4) Prostate capsule - causes contraction 5) Bladder - causes contraction of trigone and sphincter |
| Activation of Muscarinic Receptors | Elicits a response from an organ 1) Increased glandular secretions 2) Contraction of smooth muscle in the GI and bronchi 3) Decreases HR 4) Contraction of the iris 5) contraction of the ciliary muscle of the eye (focusing) 6) Dilation of blood vessels 7) Voiding of the bladder |
| Activation of Nicotinic M Receptors | Causes contraction of skeletal muscle |
| Activation of Nicotinic N Receptors | 1) Promotes ganglionic transmission of SNS and PSNS nerve impulses 2) Promotes the release of E and NE from the adrenal medulla |
| 6 Categories of Cholinergic Drugs | 1) Muscarinic Agonists 2) Muscarinic Antagonists 3) Neuromuscular Blocking Agents 4) Ganglionic Stimulating Agents 5) Ganglionic BLocking Agents 6) Cholinesterase Inhibitors |
| Parasympathomimetic | Mimic effects of acetylcholine on muscarinic receptors |
| Functions of the parasympathetic nervous system | i. Slows heart rate ii. Increases gastric secretions iii. Urination iv. Defecation, increases GI tone and motility v. Focuses eye for near vision; constricts pupil vi. Contracts bronchial smooth muscle |
| Function of the sympathetic nervous system | 1) regulation of temperature 2) regulation of the cardiovascular system 3) implementation of the "fight or flight" response |
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