Ch. 3 Second Language Acquisition
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Created by:
aikorei on June 18, 2012
Subjects:
second language acquisition, foreign language
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 tense | a binary system that consists of present or past |
| aspect | a binary system that classifies actions as perfective(complete) or imperfective(incomplete) |
| coordination | the joining of two or more elements of the same linguistic value by means of a coordinating conjunction |
| subordination | the insertion or embedding of one independent clause into another independent clause by means of a subordinating conjunction |
| displacement | speakers can use language to talk about entities or events that are not actually present in the environment; distinguishes humans from animals |
| case system | way grammar functions in a sentence |
| inflection | grammatical suffix |
| phonology | branch of linguistics that studies significant sounds of a language systematically and scientifically |
| morphology | branch of linguistics that studies the structural changes in words (prefixes, suffixes, infixes, etc) |
| syntax | the branch of linguistics that studies sentence formation and word order |
| semantics | the branch of linguistics that studies words and sentence meanings and implications of utterances |
| phonology | branch of linguistics that studies significant sounds of a language systematically and scientifically |
| phoneme | any significant sound of a language/the idealization of a sound |
| allophone | true articulation of the phoneme; the way the sound really sounds in relation to its phonetic environment |
| point of articulation assimilation | the presence of one sound influences the articulation of a neighboring sound |
| elision | the omission of a sound in a word that would otherwise be present if the word were pronounced clearly and distinctly |
| liaison | the joining of words across word boundaries |
| morpheme | the smallest significant unit of meaning in a word that combines with other smaller significant units to create more complex words |
| allomorphes | two or more morphemes that have the same abstract meaning but are not interchangeable |
| complementary distribution | the idea that allomorphes are not interchangeable |
| minimal pair | two or more linguistic units that are exactly alike in all but one feature |
| free morphemes | independent morphemes that do not need other morphemes to appear and can stand alone |
| bound morphemes | dependent morphemes that never represent complete words and have to affix themselves to other morphemes in order to appear |
| inflectional morphemes | always suffixes that communicate grammatical information |
| derivational morphemes | can be prefixes and suffixes and they communicate semantic or lexical information |
| bull's tripartile system of verbal analysis | william bull in 1965 discovered the three segments of verb conjugation, lexical/semantic info, tense mood and aspect, person and number |
| semantics | the branch of linguistics that deals with the description of word and sentence meaning |
| derivation | the joining of afixes to create new words |
| coinage | the invention of new words as a result of new technology |
| blending | the mixing or joining of two words |
| apocope | shortening/clipping of words |
| error by analogy | making irregular forms regular |
| syntax | the branch of linguistics that deals with sentence structure and word order |
| sentence diagram | pictorial representation of the grammatical structure of a sentence in a natural language |
| linguistics | the study of language development, structure, sound and meaning |
| descriptive linguistics | describes how a language is used |
| prescriptive linguistics | prescribes the rules of language and how language should be used |
| diachronic linguistics | study of language change over time |
| synchronic linguistics | study of language at one particular slice in time |
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