AAOS Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured, Tenth Edition, Chapter 10: Shock
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Applesauceisdelicious on June 22, 2012
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Chapter 10 of Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured, the Curriculum book for EMT-B Certification, Tenth Edition
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 afterload | The force or resistance against which the heart pumps. |
| anaphylactic shock | Severe shock caused by an allergic reaction. |
| anaphylaxis | An unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to foreign protein or other substances. |
| aneurysm | A swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall. |
| autonomic nervous system | The part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary functions, such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and sweating. |
| cardiogenic shock | Shock caused by inadequate function the heart, or pump failure. |
| compensated shock | The early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss. |
| cyanosis | Bluish color of the skin resulting from poor oxygenation of the circulating blood. |
| decompensated shock | The late stage of shock when blood pressure is falling. |
| dehydration | Loss of water from the tissues of the body. |
| distributive shock | A condition that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both. |
| edema | The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area. |
| homeostasis | A balance of all systems of the body. |
| hypothermia | A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95 degrees Fahrenheit (35 degrees Celsius), usually as a result of prolonged exposure to cool or freezing temperatures. |
| hypovolemic shock | Shock caused by fluid or blood loss. |
| irreversible shock | The final stage of shock, resulting in death. |
| myocardial contractility | The ability of the heart to contract. |
| neurogenic shock | Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries. |
| obstructive shock | Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the body's tissues. |
| perfusion | Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' current needs. |
| preload | The precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up. |
| psychogenic shock | Shock caused by a sudden temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting (syncope). |
| sensitization | Developing a sensitivity to a substance that initially caused no allergic reaction. |
| septic shock | Shock caused by severe infection, usually a bacterial infection. |
| shock | A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypoperfusion. |
| sphincters | Circular muscles that encircle and, by contracting, constrict a duct, tube, or opening. |
| syncope | Fainting. |
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