5 Written Questions

1. True
2. B) processed fragments of protein antigens displayed on surfaces of body cells
3. A) thymus gland
4. C) helper T cell
5. D) an active process; a passive process

5 Matching Questions

1. Which of the following lymphoid tissues/organs does not contain reticular connective tissue?
   
   A) Tonsils
   B) Thymus
   C) Spleen
   D) Lymph nodes
2. Which form of hypoxia reflects poor O2 delivery resulting from too few RBCs or from RBCs that contain abnormal or too little hemoglobin?
   
   A) Ischemic (stagnant) hypoxia
   B) Histotoxic hypoxia
   C) Hypoxemic hypoxia
   D) Anemic hypoxia
3. Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?
   
   A) lymphatic vessels
   B) blood vessels
   C) lymph nodes
   D) lymph
4. Lymphatic collecting vessels are most closely associated with:
   
   A) capillary beds.
   B) bone marrow.
   C) arterioles.
   D) the heart.
5. ________, the difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures, prevents the lungs from collapsing.
   
   A) Transpulmonary pressure
   B) Intrapleural pressure
   C) Intrapulmonary pressure
   D) Atmospheric pressure

1. a D) Anemic hypoxia
2. b A) Transpulmonary pressure
3. c B) Thymus
4. d A) Capillary beds
5. e B) blood vessels

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. D) blood carbon dioxide level
   1. What is the most powerful respiratory stimulant in a healthy person?
      
      A) blood oxygen level
      B) oxygen needs of cells
      C) blood pH
      D) blood carbon dioxide level
   2. What mobilizes the adaptive defenses and provokes an immune response?
      
      A) MHC proteins
      B) antigens
      C) pyrogens
      D) interferons
   3. Which of the following is/are the simplest lymphoid organ(s)?
      
      A) lymph nodes
      B) thymus gland
      C) tonsils
      D) spleen
   4. Which of the following are considered the primary immune system cells?
      
      A) plasma cells
      B) lymphocytes
      C) dendritic cells
      D) macrophages
2. False
   1. Emphysema is distinguished by permanent shrinkage of the alveoli.
      True
      False
   2. The thymus functions strictly in maturation of T cells.
      
      A) True
      B) False
   3. Lymph is most similar to:
      
      A) interstitial fluid.
      B) saliva.
      C) water.
      D) blood plasma.
   4. Lymph arrives to the lymph nodes via efferent lymphatic vessels.
      
      A) True
      B) False
3. D) The T cell enters a state of anergy.
   1. What occurs if a T cell binds to an antigen and the T cell does not receive a co-stimulatory signal?
      A) The T cell becomes a memory cell.
      B) The T cell releases interleukins.
      C) The T cell is activated.
      D) The T cell enters a state of anergy.
   2. Which of the following is the primary factor in oxygen attachment to, or release from, hemoglobin?
      A) blood pH
      B) partial pressure of carbon dioxide
      C) partial pressure of oxygen
      D) temperature
   3. What is the most powerful respiratory stimulant in a healthy person?
      
      A) blood oxygen level
      B) oxygen needs of cells
      C) blood pH
      D) blood carbon dioxide level
   4. What is the amount of air that can be exhaled with the greatest possible exhalation after the deepest inhalation called?
      
      A) tidal volume
      B) expiratory reserve volume
      C) inspiratory reserve volume
      D) vital capacity
4. D) vital capacity
   1. What occurs if a T cell binds to an antigen and the T cell does not receive a co-stimulatory signal?
      A) The T cell becomes a memory cell.
      B) The T cell releases interleukins.
      C) The T cell is activated.
      D) The T cell enters a state of anergy.
   2. What is the amount of air that can be exhaled with the greatest possible exhalation after the deepest inhalation called?
      
      A) tidal volume
      B) expiratory reserve volume
      C) inspiratory reserve volume
      D) vital capacity
   3. What is the primary form in which carbon dioxide is carried in blood?
      A) as a bicarbonate ion in plasma
      B) chemically bound to hemoglobin
      C) as carbonic acid in plasma
      D) dissolved in plasma
   4. Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures exerted independently by each gas in the mixture.
      True
      False
5. C) T cells
   1. Which of the following are considered the primary immune system cells?
      
      A) plasma cells
      B) lymphocytes
      C) dendritic cells
      D) macrophages
   2. Which of the following does NOT describe the adaptive immune response?
      
      A) It has memory.
      B) It is systemic.
      C) It occurs immediately after the body is challenged by foreign material.
      D) It is specific.
   3. Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?
      
      A) lymphatic vessels
      B) blood vessels
      C) lymph nodes
      D) lymph
   4. Which of the following is/are not a part of the innate immune defenses?
      A) Natural killer (NK) cells
      B) Inflammation
      C) T cells
      D) Fever

5 True/False Questions

1. Which of the following is the primary factor in oxygen attachment to, or release from, hemoglobin?
   A) blood pH
   B) partial pressure of carbon dioxide
   C) partial pressure of oxygen
   D) temperature → B) To provide a patent airway; to act as a switching mechanism to route air and food into the proper channels.

   True        False

2. The thymus functions strictly in maturation of T cells.
   
   A) True
   B) False → A) True

   True        False

3. Which of the following is not a lymphoid tissue/organ?
   
   A) Peyer's patches
   B) Tonsils
   C) Bone marrow
   D) Spleen → C) eosinophil

   True        False

4. _______ are lymphocytes that coordinate cellular and humoral immune responses.
   
   A) T cytotoxic cells
   B) B cells
   C) Regulatory T cells
   D) T helper cells → C) helper T cell

   True        False

5. Peyer's patches are located:
   
   A) along the small intestine.
   B) in the spleen.
   C) along the colon.
   D) in the liver. → A) along the small intestine

   True        False