Chapter 18 bio vocab
About this set
Created by:
vballchick16sky on June 25, 2012
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
36 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 ecology | the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment |
| Abiotic factors | consists of nonliving chemical and physical factors |
| Biotic factors | consists of living factors- all the other organisms that are part of an individual's environment |
| organismal ecology | the study of evolutionary adaptations that enable individual organisms to meet the challenges posed by their abiotic environments |
| population | a group of interacting individuals belonging to one species and living in the same geographic area |
| population ecology | the study of how members of a population interact with their environment, focusing on factors that influence population density and growth |
| community | consists of all the organisms that inhabit a particular area |
| community ecology | the study of how interactions between species affect community structure and organization |
| ecosystem | all the organisms in a given area, along with the nonliving factors with which they interact |
| ecosystem ecology | the study of energy flow and the cycling of chemicals among the various biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem |
| bioshpere | the global ecosystem; that portion of each that is alive |
| habitats | specific environments in which organisms live |
| abiotic factors of the biosphere | water, sunlight, temperature, wind, rocks and soil, periodic disturbances, and physiological responses |
| acclimation | physiological response that is longer term, though still reversible |
| population density | the number of individuals of a species per unit area or volume |
| mark-recapture method | a sampling technique used to estimate wildlife populations |
| dispersion pattern | the way individuals are spaced within the population's geographic range |
| clumping | due to unequal distribution of resources |
| uniform | results from interactions among the individuals of a population |
| random dispersion | individuals in a population are spaced in a patternless, unpredictable way |
| growth rate | the change in population size per time interval |
| exponential growth model | the whole population multiplies by a constant factor during constant time intervals |
| population-limiting factors | environmental factors that restrict population growth |
| logistic growth model | a description of idealized population growth that is slowed by limiting factors |
| carrying capacity | the number of individuals in a population that the environment can just maintain with no net increase or decrease |
| intraspecific competition | competition between individuals of the same species for a limited resource |
| density-dependent factor | a population-limiting factor whose effects intensity as the population increases in density |
| age structure | the proportion of individuals in different age-groups |
| life history | the series of events from birth through reproduction and death |
| life table | tracks survivorship and mortality in population |
| survivorship curve | a plot of people still alive at each age |
| Type I | flat, steady, drops steeply in old age death |
| Type II | mortality constant over life span |
| Type III | indicates high death rates for the very young and then a period when death rates are very low for survivors of a certain age |
| opportunistic life history | the pattern of reproducing when young and producing many offspring |
| equilibrial life history | generally results in a type I survivorship curve; mature later and produce few offspring but care for their young |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.