APUSH
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Created by:
Samantha_21 on June 27, 2012
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59 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Policies regarding Native Americans (1860-80) | - reservations - Native Americans depended on US (for food, clothes, etc) - assimilation (Christianity, English, school, men farm, etc) - civilize them - make them white |
| Government's response to big business of the late 1800s | - pools --> business consolidation - trusts --> monopolies - Sherman Anti-Trust Act --> no trusts (not effective) - Laissez-faire |
| Holden v. Hardy | - court upheld law to limit miner working hours - dangerous job |
| Lochner v. New York | - court struck down law limiting bakers' hours - not a dangerous job |
| Muller v. Oregon | - court limited working hours for women working in laundry shop - dangerous to reproductive health - result --> limit jobs that women can have |
| Seventeenth Amendment | - direct election of senators - previously elected by state legislature - party bosses are still able to control elections |
| Eighteenth Amendment | - prohibition - women's movement started it (keep morals in society) |
| New Nationalism | - Teddy Roosevelt - government should regulate economic activity - won't destroy big business |
| New Freedom | - Wilson - concentrated - break up monopolies but don't restore laissez-faire - enhance government authority to protect and regulate |
| Clayton Anti-Trust Act | - created Federal Trade Commission (investigate companies for unfair trade practices) - prevent corporate abuses by expanding government's regulatory powers - corrected problems with Sherman Anti-Trust Act - outlawed monopolies |
| Dollar Diplomacy | - use of private funds to serve US economic goals - gained profit for US finances - tie money to whatever you want done |
| Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine | - Latin American countries need to stabilize policies and finances - if they continued to be bad, US would have to intervene - US is the superior and civilized nation - Monroe --> tells Europe to stay out of US stuff |
| Espionage and Sedition Acts | - don't say anything against the draft, the government, or the military - banned treasonous mail - no spying |
| Schenck v US | - upheld Espionage Act - courts sided with a law that was unconstitutional |
| Abrams v US | - upheld Sedition Act - courts sided with a law that was unconstitutional |
| Wilson's Fourteen Points | - diplomacy, freedom of the seas, lower tariffs, reductions in armaments, decolonization, evacuate troops from Europe, self-determinate *League of Nations |
| Paris Peace Conference | - Versailles - Big 4 (not 5 yet) - Germany will pay reparations for WWI - blame Germany for war |
| League of Nations | - 5 member nations - elected delegates from smaller countries - Wilson |
| Treaty of Versailles | - didn't mention some of Wilson's 14 Points - lots of people in the US didn't like it - Lodge Reservations --> don't want League of Nations because Europe could interfere in US affairs |
| National Origins Act | - apportioned new quotas for European countries - a set amount from each country could immigrate - limit immigration from southern and eastern Europe |
| Reconstruction Finance Corporation | - designed to make loans to banks, insurance companies and railroads - lent lots of money to people at the top of the system (trickle down) - didn't work |
| Hawtley-Smoot Tariff | - raised duties by 1/3 - weakened economy more (rather than reversing the recession) - made it harder for other countries to sell products and earn money to pay back debts to US and buy from US) |
| Economics of Scarcity | - combat depression - restore purchasing power to farmers, blue-collar workers, and middle class - cut production (prices would rise) - producers would make more profit and workers would earn more |
| Tennessee Valley Authority | - economy > environment - dams would control food and generate hydroelectric power - enhance economy - caused pollution, but achieved goals |
| Social Security Act | - force Americans to save money - workers who paid Social Security taxes would get retirement benefits at age 65 - created some welfare programs |
| Dawes Plan of 1924 | - reduced Germany's annual war payments - provided more loans to Germany - German debt was eventually cut in half |
| Good Neighbor Policy | - US would be less blatant in its dominion of Latin America - economic control, not military - nicer domination |
| Policy of Appeasement | - overlook Hitler's small crimes - allow him to take smaller territories |
| The Munich Conference | - Hitler took Austria and Czechoslovakia - Britain and France let Hitler get away with it - thought Hitler was done taking countries |
| Stimson Doctrine | - response to Japanese in Manchuria - moral lecture (we can't do anything else) - US wouldn't recognize any impairment in China's sovereignty or Open Door |
| The Europe First Formula | - beat Germany, then go to Japan - don't want Britain to lose war - US is worried about Germans making the atomic bomb - if Germany won the war, US would be threatened more |
| Teheran Conference | - Stalin, Churchill, and FDR met to reconcile (we left Soviets out of Italian surrender) - FDR finally said he'd start the second front - decided on Operation Overlord (for D-Day) |
| The Manhattan Project | - secret program for atomic bomb - test bomb in New Mexico desert |
| Hirabayashi and Korematsu Cases | - upheld Japanese internment policies |
| Executive Order No. 8802 | - required employers in defense industries to make jobs available without discrimination |
| Dumbarton Oaks Conference | - US, Britain, Chinese, and Soviet representative - supreme security council - 5 permanent members (France is the 5th) |
| Yalta Conference | - Britain wanted to make France a partner in postwar occupation of Germany - Soviets want Germany to pay for the war - US wanted UN - US agrees with Britain, but we need Soviets to help us in the Pacific |
| Potsdam Conference | - new German policies - complete disarmament - dismantle industry used for military - no more Nazism - war crimes trials |
| Taft-Hartley Act | - unpopular with workers - no closed shop - union workers had to swear they weren't communists - Congress approved it over Truman's veto |
| Dynamic Conservatism | - Eisenhower - conservative in money and liberal with people |
| Highway Act of 1956 | - Eisenhower - national defense - approved funds for interstate highway system - facilitate commerce and enable military to move around US more easily |
| Brown v Board of Education of Topeka | - separate but equal is not equal - integrate - didn't call for integration until second Brown v Board - integrate with all deliberate speed |
| Truman Doctrine | - support free peoples who are resisting subjugation |
| Mr. X Article | - anticommunism speech - containment |
| Containment Doctrine | - contain communism |
| Marshall Plan | - achieve US goals in Europe - foreign aid to Europe - money given must be spent on American-made products - keep countries stable so they'll stay trading partners - caused inflation and didn't solve the problem |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | - US would interne in Middle East if any government threatened by a communist takeover asked for help |
| New Frontier | - JFK - end racial discrimination - medical care for elderly - stop recession |
| Great Society | - Johnson - war on poverty - civil rights - accomplish JFK's goals |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | - no discrimination on color, race, religion, sex, or national origin - applied to public accommodations and employment - government could withhold funds from public agencies that discriminated |
| Principle of Flexible Response | - JFK - policy for Soviet Union and 3rd World Countries - US would respond with whatever means necessary in a given situation |
| Strategic Hamlet Program | - isolate peasants from Vietcong (southern rebels) - put them in compounds - alienated villagers - meant to avoid killing our allies |
| Tonkin Gulf Resolution | - president can take all necessary measures to rebel armed attacks against US and prevent further aggression |
| Nixon Doctrine | - US would help nations that helped themselves - build up Vietnamese forces to replace US forces |
| Detente | - first part of Nixon-Kissinger Grand Strategy - negotiate with Soviets - check Soviet expansion - limit Soviet arms buildup |
| Carter Doctrine | - The US would intervene unilaterally and militarily) should Soviet aggression threaten the Persian Gulf |
| Reaganomics/Supply-Side | - cut domestic programs (food stamps, welfare, school meals, etc) - tax cuts for corporations -widened class gap - supply-side--> give business more money so they'll invest in business (creates jobs for lower class) |
| The Scopes Trial | - it's illegal to teach evolution in schools (fundamentalism) - teacher volunteered to serve in a test case - arrested for violating law and convicted - modernists claimed victory (trial showed flaws in fundamentalism) |
| Twenty-First Amendment | - repealed prohibition |
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