Biology Chapter 38
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Conservation Biology | a goal-driven science that seeks to counter the biodiversity crisis, the rapid decrease in the number of species on Earth |
| Biodiversity | the variety of living things |
| Genetic Diversity | occurs within and between populations of a species - provides raw material for microevolution and adaptation |
| Species Diversity | the variety of species in an ecosystem or throughout the biosphere |
| Endangered Species | in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range |
| Threatened Species | those that are likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future |
| Ecosystem Diversity | the interaction of populations of different species within an ecosystem |
| Major Threats to Biodiversity: | habitat destruction, invasive species, overexploitation |
| Habitat Destruction | - single greatest threat to biodiversity - made by humans |
| Invasive Species | compete with, prey upon, or parasitize native species |
| Overexploitation | involves harvesting wildlife at rates that exceed the ability of populations to rebound |
| Effects of Pollution: | acid rain, ozone depletion, "dead zones", biological magnification |
| Population Fragmentation | the splitting a consequent isolation of portions and populations |
| Landscape Ecology | the application of ecological principles to the study of the structure and dynamics of a collection of ecosystems |
| Edges | boundaries between ecosystems |
| Movement Corridors | small strips or clumps of high quality habitat that connect fragmented habitat |
| Biodiversity Hotspots | areas with large numbers of endangered, threatened, and endemic species |
| Nature Reserves | undisturbed wildlands surrounded by buffer zones of compatible economic development |
| Sustainable Development | the longterm prosperity of human societies and the ecosystems that support them |
| Restoration Ecology | uses ecological principles to return degraded areas to their natural state |
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