| Term | Definition |
|---|
| catherin de medici | will decide whether france is catholic or protestant |
| henry III | son of medici |
| politique | rulers during the age of the reliious wars who prefer stability over religious concerns |
| medici | organizes the st bartholomews day massacre |
| st bartholomews day massacre | wipes out protestantism, kills 7,000 people, france remains catholic |
| edict of nantes | protestants cant practice their faith in designated cities |
| hugenots | french calvinists |
| black legend | a belief that the spanish people are overly zealous catholic people |
| hapsburgs | rulers of spain are from what family |
| hapsburgs | most powerful family in europe, rules holy roman emire, austria, spain and the netherlands |
| 12 duchys | northern 10 are protestant and southern 2 are catholic |
| duke | prince of the duchys |
| william of orange | leader of the protestants and is fighting for independence |
| duke of alba | will lead catholic armies in the netherlands, established military ruling |
| council of troubles | military ruling, dutch call it council of blood |
| the spanish fury | massacre related to the black legend |
| catherine of aragon | henry VIII first wife |
| mary | daughter of henry 8th and catherine of aragon |
| ann boleyn | henry VIII's 2nd wife who was in love with another man |
| Elizabeth | daughter of ann and henry 8th |
| Mary I (Tudor) | "bloody mary" dedicated catholic and wated england to remain catholic |
| Phillip II | husband of mary I who is the furture king of spain |
| Elizabeth I | officially establishes the church of england and makes the anglican church look catholic |
| seadogs | english privateers nickname for english pirates |
| sir francis drake and john hawkins | 2 seadogs |
| sir francis drake | first english captain to go all the way around the world |
| john hawkins | was running from the spanish the whole way |
| mary stuart | queen of scots, had some claim to the throne of england |
| thirty years war | holy roman empire, worst war,triggered by the election of a new emperor |
| hapsburg ascendency | phase one, 2 generals leading catholic forces |
| von tilly and wallenstein | 2 generals leading catholic forces in hapsburg ascendency |
| swedish intervention | phase two of thirty years war |
| gustavus adolphus | swedish king, god called on him to save the protestant faith |
| french intervention | phase three of thirty years war fighting for fear of hapsburgs |
| cardinal richellev | advises to go to war against the hapsburgs for the protestants |
| peace of west phalia | established new territories and catholic, lutheran or calvinist |
| midwife | presumed to be witches |
| alchemist | scientist |
| goals of scientists | attempt to turn metal into gold, attempt to find immortality |
| dr. faustus | most well known mythological alchemist |
| water | spiritual force if you sink it will accept you |
| malleus malificorum | explained women are the weaker sex and less intelligent look for third nipple |
| salem villiage | most notorious witch scare in new england, massachusetts |
| danvers | highest concentration of witches today |
| benin | where voodoo originated |
| scientific revolution | set into place and begins with copernicus |
| ptolemy | europeans accepted him and belived from him and read his book the almagest |
| aristotle | reasoned that all matter could be reduced to smallest particle |
| geocentric theory | earth centered universe |
| copernicus | realizes that earth is sun centered heliocentric theory |
| rene des cartes | deductive logic |
| francis bacon | inductive logic |
| scientific revolution | enlightenment |
| sir isaac newton | explained why everything acts the way it does |
| gravity and inertia | two fundamental laws |
| law of motion- inertia | a body in motion will remain in motion til acted on by an outside force |
| phiosophes | philosophers of the enlightenment, free thinkers |
| voltaire | most well known philosophes |
| thomas habbes | human beings are self-centered, strong will devour the weak |
| john locke | most prolific writer wanted to look for natural laws that described human behavior |
| adam smith | looking for the natural laws dictating a states economy/trade |
| fredrick II | uses scientific thinking to make a strong powerful army |
| peter the great | wanted to bring russia into contact with western europe |
| catherine the great | loved to talk enlightenment stuff |
| serfs | peasants in russia |
| louis XIV | sun king, built palace of versailles, moved nobles of france there |
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