| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Political Machines | Party Organization that recruits its members by the use of tangible incentives: money, etc. |
| Ideological Party | Recruit people by the ideology that the party stands for not by money or other tangible incentives |
| Solidarity Parties | they are done for fun. |
| Sponsored Party | When an organization in the community receives contributions for their funding |
| Two Party System | Election with two parties |
| Plurality System | "Winner Take All" |
| Minor Parties | Parties that are not the Democratic, or Republican Parties. |
| Primaries | The elections in which the candidates for each party is narrowed to two, for which then a presidential candidate will be announced after the party's convention |
| Caucus | An association of members of Congress created to advocate a political ideology or regional, ethinic, or economic interest |
| Incumbent | The person currently in office |
| Congressional Campaign | campaign for which a person tries to run for congress |
| Presidential Campaign | campaign in which a person runs for the presidency |
| PAC | serve to help fund candidates in exchange for similar policy issues to protect the interest of such committee |
| Position Issue | A campaign issue on which the rival parties or candidates take different positions in order to reach out for electoral support |
| Valence Issue | Valance Issues are issues on which most voters and candidates share the same opinion. |
| Prospective Voting | Voting on the basis of a person's views of candidates' positions on the issues. |
| Retrospective Voting | Voting on the basis of how things have gone in the recent past and, if the voter approves of the current administration's performance |
| Split Ticket | ballot cast by a voter who votes for candidates from more than one party |
| Straight Ticket | ballot cast by a voter who votes for all the candidates of one party |
| Solidary Incentives | social rewards that lead people to join local or state political organizations. People who find politics fun and want to meet others who share their interests are said to respond to this. |
| Material Incentives | Benefits that have a monetary value, including money, gifts, services, or discounts received as a result of one's membership in an organization. |
| Purposive Incentive | the benefit that comes from serving a cause or principle from which one does not persoanlly benefit |
| Buckley v. Valeo | case in which the Supreme Court of the United States upheld a federal law which set limits on campaign contributions, but ruled that spending money to influence elections is a form of constitutionally protected free speech, and struck down portions of the law. The court also stated candidates can give unlimited amounts of money to their own campaigns |
| Gatekeeper | person that decides whether or not to publish such said story |
| Scorekeeper | takes note of what a person is doing and how they are compared to other oponents |
| Watchdog | is a stalker type that looks for the past and mess ups of a candidate |
| Routine Story | public events regularly covered by reporters, involving relatively simple, easily described acts or statements |
| Feature Story | public events knwoable to any reporter who cares to inquire but involving acts and statements not routinely covered by a group of reporters |
| Insider Story | information not usually made public becomes public because someone with inside knowledge tells a reporter. |
| On Record | name will be used in the public |
| On Background | name will not be revelaed |
Combine with other sets
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