| Term | Definition |
| genes | short segment of DNA that determines an organism's inherited traits |
| acquired traits | traits an organism develops after being born |
| heredity | the process through which traits are passed from parents to offspring |
| offspring | the children or young of parents |
| inherited traits | human traits that are passed by heredity |
| learned behavior | things you were not born knowing how to do |
| dominant trait | overpowers recessive traits; shown with a capital letter |
| recessive trait | weaker trait; shown with a lower case letter |
| Punnett Square | used by Mendel to predict heredity |
| Gregor Mendel | interested in genetics in the 1800s |
| 46 | number of chromosomes for humans |