| Term | Definition |
|---|
| mediastinum | location of the heart |
| atria | the upper chambers of the heart |
| atria | receiving chambers of the heart |
| ventricles | the lower chambers of the heart |
| ventricles | the discharging chambers of the heart |
| myocardium | the wall of each heart chamber is composed of cardiac muscle tissue called |
| endocardium | smooth lining of the heart chambers |
| endocarditis | inflammation of the endocardium |
| pericardium | is a two layered fibrous sac with lubricated space between the two layers |
| visceral pericaridum | the inner layer of the pericardium |
| parietal pericaridum | the outer layer of the pericaridum |
| systole | contraction of the heart |
| diastole | relaxation of the heart |
| valves | keep blood flowing through the heart and prevent backflow |
| tricuspid valve | valve at the opening of the right atrium into the ventricle |
| bicuspid valve | one of the two av valves located between the left atrium and ventricle and sometimes called mitral valve |
| pulmonary semilunar valve | valve at the beginning of the pulmonary artery |
| aortic semilunar valve | valve between the aorta and left ventricle that prvents blood from flowing back into the ventrical |
| lub | first sound of the heart caused by the vibration and closure of theav valves during contraction of the ventricles |
| dub | is the second sound of the heart caused by closure of the semilunar valves during relaxation of the ventricles |
| pulmonary circulation | venous blood from the right atrium to the lung and returning to the left atrium path goes from right ventricle through pulmonary ateries, lungs, pulmonary veins, to left atrium r |
| systemic circulation | blood flow from the left ventricle to all parts of the body path goes from left ventricle through aorta,smaller arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, venae cavae,to right atrium |
| coronary circulation | blood which supplies oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium of the heart flowes through the right and left coronary arteries |
| myocardial infraction | blockage of blood flow through the coronary arteries (heart attack) |
| angina pectoris | chest pain caused by inadequate oxygen to th heart |
| coronary bypass | veins from other parts of the body are used to by pass blockages in coronary arteries |
| cardiac cycle | each complete heart beat is called |
| average beats per minute | 72 |
| stroke volume | volume of blood ejected from one ventricle with each beat |
| cardiac output | amount of blood that one ventricle can pump each minute average is 5L per minute at rest |
| intercalated disks | are electrical connectors that join all the cardiac muscle fibers in a region to gether so that they recive their impulse and contract at about the same time |
| Sa (sinoartrial) node, the pacemaker | located in the wall of the right atrium near the opening of the superior veva cava |
| AV (atrioventricular) node | located in the right atrium along the lower part of the interatrial septum |
| AV bundle (bundle of his) | located in the septum of the ventricles |
| purkinje fibers | located in the walls of the ventricles |
| specialized conduction system structures | generate and transmit the electrical impulses that result in contraction of the heart |
| electrocrocardiograph | tiny electrical impuleses can be picked up on the surface of the body and be transformed into visible tracings by a machine called |
| (ECG) P wave | associated with depolarization of the atria |
| (ECG) QRS complex | associated with depolarization of the ventricles |
| (ECG) T wave | associated with repolarization of the ventricles |
| arteries | carry blood away from the heart and are red and control distribution of nutrients,gases ect, with movement of blood under high pressure assist in maintaining the arterial blood pressure |
| what do capillaries do | carry blood from the arterioles to the venules and serve as exchange vessels for nutrients wastes and fluids |
| (arteries) tunica intima | inner layer of endothelial cells |
| (arteries) tunica medial | smooth muscle with some elastic tissue thick in arteries ,important in blood pressure regulation |
| (arteries) tunic externa | a thin layer of fibrous elastic connective tissue |
| capillaries | microscopic vessel with only one layer-tunica intima |
| (veins) tunica intima | inner layer; valves prevent retrograde movement of blood |
| (Veins) tunic medial | smooth muscle;thin in veins |
| tunica externa | heavy layer of fibrous connective tissue in many veins |
| veins | are blue and carry blood towards the heart also collect blood for return to the heart low pressure vessels |
Combine with other sets
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