APHG Chpt.4 Folk and Pop Culture
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Created by:
Historygrl14 Plus on July 1, 2012
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Description:
Miss M's Cpt. 4 terms - combo of Rubenstien, deBlij, and various study prep books
Classes:
AP Human Geography Bayside HS, Miss Middleton's APHG Class
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64 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Saltbox house |  Is a building with a long, pitched roof that slopes down to the back, generally a wooden frame house. A saltbox has just one story in the back and two stories in the front. The flat front and central chimney are recognizable features, but the asymmetry of the unequal sides and the long, low rear roof line are the most distinctive features of a saltbox, which takes its name from its resemblance to a wooden lidded box in which salt was once kept. |
| Cape Cod House |  a house with a simple rectangular design, a central chimney, and a pitched roof. |
| Front Gable & Wing House |  A gable is the triangluar portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. So a front gable and wing home has one portion of the house turned so that the gable faces front PLUS it has an extra wing. |
| Bungalow House |  |
| Contemporary House |  Popular between 50s-70s for architect designed homes. Typically had flat/low pitched roofs |
| Double Pile |  Popular in Northeastern small towns. Two rooms wide and two rooms deep. |
| "I" House |  Typically 2 full stories in height with gables to the side. At least two rooms wide. Major in the Middle Atlantic region. Extensive in eastern half of US |
| Irregular Massed House |  |
| Mansard House |  popular in the late 60s. Shingle-covered second-story walls sloped slightly inward and merged into the roofline |
| Minimal Traditional House |  usually 1 story with a dominant front gable and few decorative details. small, modest homes designed for young families and veterans returning from WWII |
| Neo-Tudor House |  Popular in the 70s. Characterized by dominant, sttep-pitched front-facing gables and half-timbered detailing. |
| Ranch House |  1950s-60s. 1 story with the long side parallel to the street. All rooms on 1 level. Takes up a larger lot and encourages sprawl |
| Shed House |  widely built in the late 60s. High-pitched roofs, giving the appearance of a series of geometric forms |
| Shotgun House |  The "shotgun house" is a narrow rectangular domestic residence, usually no more than 12 feet (3.5 m) wide, consisting of three to five rooms in a row with no hallways and have a narrow, rectangular structure with doors at each end of the house. It was the most popular style of house in the Southern United States from the end of the American Civil War (1861-65), through the 1920s. Alternate names include "shotgun shack", "shotgun hut" and "shotgun cottage". |
| Split Level House |  Popular in the late 50s through 70s. Lower level typically contained garage and "family room". Kitchen and formal living & dining rooms on the intermediate level. Bedrooms on top level above family room/garage. |
| Culture | The sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a society. |
| Local Culture | a group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a collective or a community, who share experiences, customs, and traits, and who work to preserve those traits and customs in order to claim uniqueness and to distinguish themselves from others. |
| Material Culture | The art, housing, clothing, sports, dances, foods, and other similar items constructed or created by a group of people. |
| Non-Material Culture | the beliefs practices, aesthetics, and values of a group of people |
| Assimilation | the process through which people lose originally differentiating traits, such as dress, speech particularities, or mannerisms, when they come into contact with another society or culture. Often used to describe immigrant adaptation to new places of residence. |
| Custom | practice routinely followed by a group of people |
| Cultural appropriation | The process by which cultures adopt customs and knowledge from other cultures and use them for their own benefit |
| Neolocalism | The seeking out of the regional culture and reinvigoration of it in response to the uncertainty of the modern world. |
| Ethnic Neighborhood | neighborhood, typically situated in a larger metropolitian city and constructed by or composed of a local culture, in which a local culture can practice its customs |
| Commodification | The process through which something is given monetary value; occurs when a good or idea that previously was not regarded as an object to be bought and sold is turned into something that has a particular price and that can be traded in a market economy. |
| Authenticity | in the context of local cultures or customs, the accuracy with which the single sterotypical or typecast image or experience conveys an otherwise dynamic and complex local culture or its customs |
| Reterritorialization | with respect to popular culture, when people within a place start to produce an aspect of popular culture themselves, doing so in the context of their local culture and making it their own |
| Cultural Landscape | The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape. The layers of buildings, forms, and artifacts sequentially imprinted on the landscape by the activities of various human occupants. |
| Placelessness | defined by the geographer Edward Relph as the loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next |
| Global-local Continuum | The notion that what happens at the global scale has direct effect on what happens at the local scale, and vice versa. This idea posits that the world is comprised of an interconnected eries of relationships that extend across space. |
| Glocalization | process by which people in a local place mediate and alter regional, national, and global processes |
| Folk-housing Regions | A region in which the housing stock predominantly reflects styles of building that are particular to the culture of the people who have long inhabited the area. |
| Diffusion Routes | the spatial trajectory through which the cultural traits or other phenomena spread |
| Folk Culture | Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups. |
| Habit | A repetitive act performed by a particular individual. |
| Popular Culture | Culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics. |
| Taboo | A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom. |
| Sequent Occupance | The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape. This is an important concept in geography because it symbolizes how humans interact with their surroundings. |
| Staple Food | A food item that is commonly found in an area and eaten on a regular basis (daily or frequently). A basic but nutritious food that forms the basis of a traditional diet. |
| Syncretism | The blending traits from two different cultures to form a new trait. |
| Cultural Barriers | cultures working against diffusion, certain innovations, ideas, or practices that are not acceptable or adoptable in particular cultures because of prevailing attitudes |
| Host Society | The established and dominant society within which immigrant groups work accomodation. |
| Mete-and-bounds system | natural boundaries like rivers trees and large rocks mark boundaries. |
| Sociofacts | social behaviors of a culture, The institutions and links between individuals and groups that unite a culture, including family structure and political, educational and religious institutions. |
| Tipping Point | the time at which a change or an effect cannot be stopped |
| Built Environment | the part of the physical landscape that represent material culture; the buildings, roads, bridges, and similar structures large and small of the cultural landscape |
| Cultural Imperialism | spread or advance of one culture at the expense of others or imposition on other cultures which it modifies, replaces, or destroys. |
| Folklore | The traditional beliefs, customs, stories, songs, and dances of the culture. |
| Indigenous Architecture | architecture that is native to a certain place |
| Terroir | The contribution of a location's distinctive physical features to the way food tastes |
| Cultural Determinism | Cultural determinism is the belief that the culture in which we are raised determines who we are at emotional and behavioral levels. This supports the theory that environmental influences dominate who we are instead of biologically inherited traits. |
| Cultural Diffusion | the spread of cultural elements from one society to another |
| Cultural Ecology | Geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships. |
| Cultural Geography | The subfield of human geography that looks at how cultures vary over space., how space, place and landscape shape culture at the same time that culture shapes space, place and landscape |
| Cultural Hearths | Heartland, source area, innovation center, place of origin of a major culture |
| Cultural Relativism | the perspective that a foreign culture should not be judged by the standards of a home culture and that a behavior or way of thinking must be examined in its cultural context |
| Cultural Transmission | the process by which one generation passes culture to the next. |
| Culture Complex | A related set of culture traits descriptive of one aspect of a society's behavior or activity (may be assoc. with religious beliefs or business practices). |
| Culture Region | A region within which common cultural characteristics prevail. |
| Culture System | A collection of interacting elements taken together shape a group's collective identity. Includes traits, territorial affiliation, shared history, and more complex elements, like language |
| Culture Trait | A single element of normal practice in a culture, such as the wearing of a turban. |
| Ethnocentrism | tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups |
| Norms | rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members |
| Transculturation | Cultural borrowing that occurs when different cultures of approximately equal complexity and technological level come into close contact. |
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