The Brain and Nervous system broken down
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Created by:
slpgal12 on July 4, 2012
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DLVE-SLP Speech Praxis Study Group
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The nervous system is broken down into two major systems _____ & ______ | Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
| The Central Nervous System consists of the _____ &_____. | the brain & spinal cord |
| The cerebral cortex is involved in | a variety of higher cognitive, emotional, sensory, and motor functions |
| The brain is divided into two symmetrical hemispheres ___ & ___ | left & right |
| Left hemisphere involves | language, the 'rational' half of the brain, associated with analytical thinking and logical abilities |
| Right hemisphere involves | music and artistic abilities |
| The brain is divided into what 4 lobes? | frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital |
| frontal lobe (motor cortex) involves | motor behavior, expressive language, higher level cognitive processes, and orientation to person, place, time and situation |
| parietal lobe (somatosensory cortex) involves | the processing of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain |
| Occipital (visual cortex) involves | interpretation of visual information |
| temporal (auditory cortex) involves | receptive language (understanding language) as well as memory and emotion |
| The spinal cord consists of the _____, _____, ______ and _____ | brainstem, medulla oblongata, reticular activating system and pons |
| brainstem involves | life sustaining functions. Damage here is life threatening |
| medulla oblongata | controls heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure and digestion |
| reticular activating system involves | arousal and attention, sleep and wakefulness and control of reflexes |
| pons regulates | states of arousal, including sleep and dreaming |
| cerebellum | balance, smooth movement, posture |
| thalamus | 'central switching station' relays incoming sensory information (except olfactory) to the brain |
| hypothalamus | controls the autonomic nervous system, and therefore maintains the body's homeostasis. |
| homeostasis | controls body temeprature , metabolism, and appetite |
| limbic system | emotional expression, particularly the emotional component of behavior, memory and motivation |
| amygdala | attaches emotional significance to information and mediates both defensive and aggressive behavior |
| hippocampus | involved more in memory, and the transfer of information from short-term to long-term |
| the peripheral nervous system is divided into two subsystems ____ & ____ | somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system |
| the somatic nervous system's primary function is to | regulate the actions of the skeletal muscles, often thought of as mediating voluntary movement |
| the autonomic nervous system | regulates primarily involuntary activity such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, and digesting. |
| sympathetic systematic | controls the "fight or flight" phenomenon because of its control over the necessary bodily changes needed when we are faced with a situation where we may need to defend ourselves or escape. Ex. you hear foot steps behind you and you hear them getting closer What happens? |
| parasympathetic nervous system | when you feel relief instantly |
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