Microbio 9
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cells of the innate immune system include | Neutrophils Monocyte-Macrophage lineage TLR DC & IDC |
| Cells of the adaptive immune system | T-lymphoctyes B-lymphocytes mature DC |
| B-cell antigen receptors can recognize | Proteins Peptides Polysaccharides Lipids Nucleic acids |
| T-Cell antigen receptors can recognize | Peptide fragments only when they are displayed |
| define MHC | genetic locus whose principal products function as the peptide display molecules of the immune system or Membrane protein on APC's that display peptide antigen for recognition by T-lymphocytes |
| Explain the dual specificity of the TCR | it can recognize both the residue of the specific MHC complex as well as the residue of the peptide antigen |
| How do peptides bind to the MHC complex | anchor residues |
| What is responsible for the acceptance or rejection of tissue grafts | MHC |
| Where are protein antigens captured by dendritic cells concentrated? | Peripheral lymphoid organ, this is where the immune responses are initiated |
| Why are epithelial dentrictic cells IDC's? | They are inefficient at stimulating T-lymphocytes |
| Membrane receptors of IDC's include | mannose residues on glycoproteins which are typical on microbial but to mammalian glycoproteins. these will usually by endocytosed by dendritic cell Small soluble microbial antigens can be pinocytosed |
| PAMP includes | LPS Peptidoglycan Fungal glycans Microbial nucleic acids When these bind the TLR they activate genes which stimulate inflammation pathway |
| Name some differences between Mature and Immature dendritic cells | Mature lose the ability to phagocytose Mature lose adhesiveness for epithelia Mature upregulate Class II antigen presenting molecules Mature express surface receptor specific for chemoattractant cytokines produced in T cell areas of the lymph node |
| Inducers of TH1 include | IL-12 DC's |
| Mediators of TH1 include | INF-gamma IL-2 |
| Targets of TH1 include | Intracellular viral Bacterial Fungal Parasitic infections tumors |
| Inducer of TH2 include | IL-4 |
| mediators of TH2 include | IL-4,5,6,10 |
| Targets of TH2 include | Blood borne microbes Some viruses most bacteria |
| receptors for opsonins expressed by monocyte-macrophage lineage include | Fc-y RI, II, and III CR1, 3 |
| Receptors included in the monocyte-macrophage lineage are | Opsonins Lechtin TLR' CD14 Class II MHC |
| What is the role of CD14 | lipopolysaccharide-binding protein which facilitates bacterial uptake and promotes activation |
| co-receptors of T-cells which is presented antigen by Class II MHC | B7 CD-40 |
| Which cells provide an early response to a viral infection | NK |
| NK cells are stimulated by | INF-alpha and beta TNF-alpha IL-12,15,18 (produced by pre-DC's and macrophages) IL-2 produced by CD4 TH1 |
| Surface markers on NK cells include | CD-2,7 IL-2/2R FasL CD-16 compliment receptor for ADCC |
| What do activated NK cells produce? | INF-y IL-1 GM-CSF |
| How are NK cells different than T cells? | Do not express TCR or CD3 Do not produce IL-2 |
| Apoptosis is triggered by | FasL |
| how do T-cells communicate | direct Cell-Cell through cytokines |
| Two types of T-cells include | alpha/beta--(CD4/8) Gamma/delta (can be further distinguished by cytokines they produce) |
| Gamma/delta T-cells are reactive to | microbial metabolites |
| Gamma/delta T-cells are involved in responses located where? | blood and tissue and are quicker than alpha/beta |
| CD4 cells are activated in | lymph nodes |
| how do CD4 cells activate and control immune and inflammatory responses | by specific cell-cell interactions and by releasing cytokines |
| What are the roles of cytokines | activate and direct immune response TH-1,2,17 |
| Cell surface determinants of CD-4 | TCR, CD4, MHC I, CD2, CD28, CD40L |
| what is the role of TH-3 | promote production of IgA |
| What is the role of TH-17 | secrete IL-17, ad IL-23 in response to bacterial infection to promote inflammation |
| T-reg expresses | CD-4 and 25, this controls the immune response |
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