Chapter 15.3: The United States at War
Order by
40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 December 7, 1941 | Japanese attack Pearl Harbor |
| "a date which will live in infamy" | what FDR called the bombing of Pearl Harbor |
| (General Dwight D.) Eisenhower | called for African Americans to volunteer for combat in integrated units; led D-Day |
| Japanese American 442nd Regiment | most decorated unit |
| Marine Signal Corps | consisted of Native American Navajos who sent codes in their native languages to outwit the Japanese |
| Navajo language | language used as a code in WWII |
| Casablanca Conference | held in Morocco, the Allied leaders (minus Stalin) agreed to wage war until the Axis Power accepted an unconditional surrender |
| unconditional surrender | surrender without any concessions |
| Leningrad | Soviet city surrounded by German troops for 900 days, starving more than 500,000 residents |
| Battle of Stalingrad | battle where Nazi troops attacked a Soviet city and eventually surrendered; halted Germany's eastward advance |
| (General Erwin) Rommel | man who led Nazi troops in North Africa |
| El Alamein | victory at this city in Egypt by the British marked a turning point in the war |
| Tunisia | city in N. Africa where a Germany counterattack killed 5,000 Americans |
| Desert Fox | nickname for General Erwin Rommel |
| Morocco and Algeria | countries in North Africa where American and British troops advanced to against a German tank division led by Rommel |
| Sicily | city where Allied troops in North Africa launched to and landed in |
| Anzio beach and Cassino Pass | locations where the Germans fought the Allies for control of Italy most bitterly |
| June 6, 1944 | D-Day |
| Operation Overlord | code name for D-Day invasion |
| D-Day | largest combined land-sea-air invasion in history directed by Eisenhower |
| Normandy | location Allied troops landed in D-Day in France |
| sonar technology | technology allowing detection of submerged object by means of sound waves |
| Ardennes Forest | location in Belgium that was Hitler launched his last desperate strike |
| Battle of the BUlge | name of final German offensive of the war |
| great destruction | what the Holocaust has come to mean |
| Soviet Union and US | two countries that replaced Germany as superpowers in Europe |
| Rhine River | American forces crossed this river to advance towards Berlin |
| (Harry S) Truman | succeeded FDR as President after FDR's death |
| V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day) | nickname for the day WWII ends |
| Battle of the Coral Sea | naval battle in Pacific that thwarted Japanese advance towards Australia |
| Battle of Midway | naval battle where American planes sank 4 Japanese aircraft carriers; first major Japanese defeat |
| island hopping | American military strategy in the Pacific |
| Battle of Guadalcanal | battle in the Solomon Islands that led to the first territory lost by Japan in the war |
| napalm bombs | used in Tokyo raids by long range American B-29 bombers |
| firestorm | what started as a result of the dropping of napalm bombs on Tokyo |
| (J. Robert) Oppenheimer | physicist that led the creation of the first atomic bomb |
| Alamorgordo, New Mexico | city where the first atom bomb was successfully detonated |
| Enola Gay | American B-29 that dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima |
| Little Boy | code-name for atomic bomb that dropped on Hiroshima |
| Nagasaki | a second atomic bomb was dropped on this city as a result of Japanese resistance to surrender |
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