Chapter 9: Fluids and Electrolytes
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Calcium | mineral element needed ofr process of bone formation, coagulation of blood, excitation of cardiac and skeletal muscle, maintenance of muscle tone, conduction of neuromuscular impulses, and synthesis and regulation of endocrine and exocrine glands |
| 8.6-10 | Normal calcium range |
| fluid volume deficit | dehydration in which fluid intake is not sufficient to meet fluid needs |
| fluid volume excess | fluid intake or fluid retention that exceeds fluid needs |
| 10 | Hypercalcemia levels are over... |
| 8.6 | Hypocalcemia levels are under... |
| 5.1 | Hyperkalemia levels are over... |
| 3.5 | Hypokalemia levels are under... |
| 2.6 | Hypermagnesemia levels are over... |
| 1.6 | Hypomagnesemia levels are under... |
| 145 | Hypernatremia levels are over... |
| 135 | Hyponatremia levels are under... |
| 4.5 | Hyperphospatemia levels are over... |
| 2.7 | Hypophosphatemia levels are under... |
| Magnesium | concentrated in bone, cartilage, and within the cell itself, required for use of adenosine triphosphate as source of energy; necessary for action of numerous enzyme systems such as carb metabolism, protein synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis, and contraction of muscular tissue; regulates neuromuscular activity and clotting mechanism |
| 1.6-2.6 | Normal Calcium range |
| Potassium | principal electrolyte of intracellular fluid and primary buffer within cell; needed for nerve conduction, muscle function, acid-base balance, and osmotic pressure; controls rate and force of contraction of heart and thus cardiac output |
| 3.5-5.1 | Normal Potassium range |
| Phosphorus | needed for generation of bony tissue; functions in metabolism of glucose and lipids, maintenance of acid-base balance, and in storage and transfer of energy from one site to another |
| 2.7-4.5 | Normal Phosphorus range |
| calcium | Phosphorus has an inverse relationship with which other mineral? |
| phosphorus | Calcium has an inverse relationship with which other mineral? |
| Sodium | abundant electrolyte that maintains osmotic pressure and acid-base balance and transmits nerve impulses |
| 135-145 | Normal Sodium range |
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