| Term | Definition |
|---|
| anthropology | the study of human species and its immediate ancestors |
| applied anthropology | the application of anthropological data, perspectives, theory, and methods to identify, asses, and solve contemporary social problems |
| archaeological anthropology | the study of human behavior and cultural patterns and processes through the culture's material remains |
| biocultural | referring to the incluion and combination of both biological and cultural approaches |
| biological anthropology | the study of human biological variation in time and space;includes evolution, genetics,growth and development,and primatology |
| cultural anthropology | the study of human society and culture;describes, analyzes, interprets, and explains social and cultural similarities and differences |
| culture | distincly human; transmited through learning; traditions and customs that govern behavior and beliefs |
| cultural resource management | the branch of applied archaeology aimed at preserving sites threatened by dams, highways, and other projects |
| ethnography | field work in a particular culture |
| ethnology | cross-cultural comparison; the comparitive study of ethnographic data, society, and culture |
| general anthropology | the field of anthropology as a whole, consisting of cultural, archaelogical, biological, and linguistic anthropology |
| linguistic anthropology | the descriptive, comparitive, and historical study of language and of linguistic similarities and differences in time, space, and society |
| medical anthropology | unites biological and cultural anthropologists in the study of disease, health problems, helath-care systems, and theories about illness in different cultures and ethnic groups |
| sociolinguistics | investigates relationships between social and linguistic variations |
| holistic perspective | the all-encompassing systematic study of the whole of the human condition: past, present, and future; biology, society, language, and culture |
| system | a discreet whole made up of interrelated parts |
| comparitive perspective | compares biological and cultural variation between all human groups |
| synchronic research | compares information collected from human groups existing at the same time, but from different locations |
| diachronic perspective | the study of how culture and biology change over time |
| four subdisciplines | cultural,archaeological,biological, and linguistic |
| NAPA | national association for the practice of anthropology |
| paleoanthropology | the study of human evolution as revealed by the fossil record obtained through fieldwork |
| fossils | the preserved remains of organic material |
| primatology | the study of biology, evolution, behavior, and social life of primates |
| artifacts | anything made, modified, or utilized by a human and found in the archaeological record through excavation |
| applied specialization:archaeology | cultural resource management |
| USAID | united states angency for international development middle east well system |
| enculturation | the process by which a person learns his or her culture |
| hypodescent | previous U.S. laws assigned children of mixed race ancestry to the race with the lowest status |
| prejudice | to negatively judge members of another social race based on stereotypes: attitude |
| discrimination | to deliberately harm members of another social race as a result of prejudice: action |
| racism | discrimination against an ethnic group |
| ethnocentrism | the use of values from one's own culture to negatively judge the behavior of someone from another culture |
| cultural relativism | the values of one culture should not be used as standards to evaluate the behavior of people from other cultures. |
| code of ethics | informants come first before career goals/research, loyalty to funding agency, personal safety,loyalty to governments |
| participant observation | a required method for ethnography |
| rapport | friendly, personal realtionships based on personal contact with informants |
| genealogical method | studies kinship ties, seuch as descent, family, and marriage to understand social structure |
| life histories | personal narratives that focus on the individual within a culture |
| emic | the native's point of view, how they think and would see the world |
| etic | the anthropolgist's point of view, how they think and see the world |
| nomadicism | to move about on a landscape in search of resources |
| fictive kinship | become kin through a ritual or ceremony |
| egalitarianism | equal access to the resources necessary for survival |
| acculturation | the exchange of cultural traits between different cultures as a result of contact between them |
| IPR | intellectual property right |
| the melting pot | assimilation |
| The Carlisle Indian Boarding School | assimilation |
| The Pizza Effect | diffusion |
| assimilation | forcibly acquiring cultural traits |
| diffusion | voluntarily acquiring cultural traits |
Combine with other sets
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