Matter and Energy vocab
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Created by:
sparkelfrog1234 on July 13, 2012
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 energy level | the possible energies that electrons in an atom can have |
| valence electron | an electron that is in the highest occupied energy level of an atom |
| ion | an atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge |
| molecule | a neutral group of atoms that are joined together by one or more covalent bonds |
| compound | a substance that is made from 2 or more simple machines that operate together |
| ionic bond | the force that hold cations and anions together |
| covalent | a chemical bond in which 2 atoms share a pair of valence electrons |
| octet rule | atoms have a fuller shell are stable. These atoms don't tend to gain or lose electrons to become stable. |
| periodic law | the pattern of repeating properties displayed by elements in the periodic table |
| metalloid | elements with properties that fall between those of metals and non-metals |
| noble gas | the element group 8A of the periodic table |
| nucleus | the dense, positively charged mass located in the center of an atom |
| proton | a positively charged subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of an atom. mass = 1 amu |
| Atomic Mass Unit | one twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom |
| neutron | a neutral subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of an atom. mass = 1amu |
| atomic number | a unique number for each element that equals the number of protons in an atom of that element |
| isotope | atoms of a given element that have different numbers of neutrons and different mass numbers |
| mass number | the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| electron | a negatively charged subatomic particle that is found in the space outside the nucleus of an atom. mass = 0 amu |
| electron cloud | a visual model of the most likely locations for the electrons in an atom |
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