| Term | Definition |
| Abraham | 1900 BC, resident of Aramaea, father of Isaac (and Ishmael), no proof that he was a real person, received messages from God |
| Aramaea | Said to have covered the land now known as Syria, 1900 BC |
| Canaan | the ancient region lying between the Jordan, the Dead Sea, and the Mediterranean (present day Israel): the land promised by God to Abraham |
| 15th century B.C. | drought/famine drives Hebrews out of Canaan |
| Hyksos/Pharaohs return | Hebrew imprisonment and enslavement |
| Exodus | The journey the Hebrews take to leave Egypt and go back to the homeland (Canaan), under the leadership of Moses |
| Mt. Sinai during the Exodus | covenant was founded; Hebrews, now by law, are monotheists; Ten Commandments are made there |
| Hebrews return to Canaan | face opposition by peoples living there; the most opposition supplied by the Philistines (ancient Palestines); Hebrews win against opposition |
| King Saul | 1020 BC - 1000 BC, first king of Ancient Israel |
| King David | 1000 BC - 968 BC, successor of Saul, expanded Ancient Israel, founded Jerusalem |
| King Solomon | 968 BC - 922 BC, built the first temple |
| King Rehoban | Solomon's son, was a weak man, under his rule Israel had a civil war and split into two parts (Israel(northern), and Judah(southern) |
| 722 BC | Israel and Judah defeated by Assyrians |
| 598 BC | Assyrians in control of Israel/Judah are defeated by Chaldeans |
| Babylonian Captivity | 598 BC - 548 BC, the deportation of the Jews to Babylonia by Nebuchadnezzar; Jews freed by the Persians |
| The Torah | holy book of judaism, written by Jews during the Babylonian Captivity |
| Diaspora | the population of Jews dispersed throughout the world (NOT LIVING IN THE HOMELAND); living in Spain, Western Europe, Noth Africa |
| Direction of the Diaspora | Jews moved east and everywhere they settled, they were then prosecuted |
| Ownership of Ancient Palestine | Persian Empire defeated by Alexander the Great (Roman Empire); under the rule of Byzantines (Turks); Islam (Ottoman Empire) |