| Term | Definition |
| archaic | ancient, old, prehistoric |
| confrontational | creating a conflict, someone who challenges |
| maladaptive | poorly adapted |
| mundane | everyday, routine |
| prerequisite | something that needs to be completed before something else can be done |
| proliferation | spread, growth |
| eminent | prominant |
| tantamount | equal to |
| patriarchal | men dominated society |
| infanticide | the killing of infants |
| yoke | oppression, pressure, power, control |
| secular | non-religious |
| to acquisce | to accept, to agree to |
| innovator | one who creates something new |
| restive | bulky, uneasy, restless, impatient |
| to dissent | to disagree (strongly) |
| pragmatic | practical |
| mercantile | having to do with trading |
| pogrom | destruction of jewish property |
| autocratic | dictorial, one man ruler |
| to proselytize | to preach, to convert, to spread the word |
| corsair | pirate |
| paradigm | pattern, model |
| to stagnate | holding back, not moving forward |
| beuracracy | sanction of government |
| nepotism | preferential hiring of one's relative |
| zealot | religious fantics |
| aridity | dryness |
| autonomy | self-rule |
| to abrogate | to revoke, to annul, to cancel |
| inviolability | shouldn't be violated |
| dissident | a person living in exile for political reasons |
| ingrained | carved into, put in, major part of |
| pious | religious, or religiously devoted |
| vanguard | forefront of the movement |
| aegis | shield, protection |
| to foray | to raid, to plunder |
| to expropriate | to take from someone and make your own |
| to assimilate | to conform/adopt local cultures |
| sovereignty | independence, ruling |
| vindictive | spiteful, revengeful |
| epoch | era, period of time |
| perversion | bad change |
| pejorative | having a tendancy to make or become worse |
| detriment | something that impacts badly |
| monolithic | one piece, undivided |
| to disenfranchise | to deny certain rights against a certain group |
| resurgence | reapperance, rise again |
| to assail | to attack violently |
| incendiarism | spark something that creates a fire |
| gratuitis | free unwaranted |
| emeritus | retired |
| hiatus | climax |
| to goad | to spurr, to urge |
| impetus | incentive, momentum, impulse |
| jurisprudence | study or field of law |
| oligarchy | the rule of a few |
| pessimist | a person who has a negative view on things |