| Term | Definition |
| Connecting stalk | Broad mass of extraembryonic somatopleuric mesoderm that connects amnion to inner wall of cytotrophoblast |
| Connecting stalk | Eventually forms umbilical cord |
| Primitive streak | Composed of a groove, pit and node and forms on the epiblast cells |
| Cloacal membrane | Caudal end of hindgut and will form boundary of urinary and GI tract |
| Primitive node | Forms the notochord process |
| Primitive node | Mound of cells located around the primitive pit |
| Buccopharyngeal membrane | Forms openings of the oral cavity |
| Gastrulation | Epiblast cells in the primitive streak proliferate and migrate ventrally |
| Prechordal plate | Mesoderm cranial to the primitive pit |
| Notochord process | Tube of mesoderm that lies at midline |
| Notochord process | Sprouts from the primitive node |
| Notochord | Becomes the nucleus pulposus of IV discs in fetus |
| Lateral plate | Becomes muscles of organs and limbs, blood, most of dermis, lymphatic system |
| Somatopleuric mesoderm | Derived from lateral plate |
| Splanchnopleuric mesoderm | Derived from lateral plate |
| Paraxial mesoderm | Becomes the muscles of the trunk, axial skeleton, part of dermis, and connective tissue |
| Intermediate mesoderm | Becomes the kidneys, parts of genital system |
| Axial mesoderm | Becomes notochord |
| Somitomeres | Rounded structures that are formed from paraxial mesoderm |
| Somitomeres 1-7 | Become part of the pharyngeal arches and form muscles of face, jaw, and throat |
| Somites | Establish the segmental pattern of the body |
| Somites | Form most of the axial skeleton |
| Prechordal plate | Induces overlyin epiblast to differentiate into neural plate |
| Neural groove | Midline depression in neuroectoderm |
| Neural crest cells | Originate from ridges that line the neural groove |
| Neural plate | Shapes into the future fore- mid- and hindbrain |