| Term | Definition |
| demography | the statistical study of the human population with regard to its size, density, and other characteristics such as age, race, gender, and income |
| census | A periodic and official count of a country's population. |
| population density | the average amount of people living in a given area |
| arithmetic population density | the population of a country or region expressed as an average per unit area. Derived from taking the total population of an area and dividing it by the total unit of land |
| Physiologic population density | The number of people per unit area of agriculturally productive land |
| immigration laws | All laws, conventions, treaties of a country involving immigration, exclusion, deportation or expulsion of foreign-born (alien) residents |
| Eugenic population policy | A population policy that favors one racial of cultural sector of a population over others. |
| Expansive population policy | Government policy that encourages large families and raises the rate of population growth. |
| Restrictive population policy | Government policy designed to reduce the rate of natural increase |
| Negative population growth | The population of a certain area decreases due to death rate over birth rate |