| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Language | System symbols are organized and used systematically |
| Linguistics | Scientific study of language |
| Battisons 7 passive handshapes | B A S O C 1 G |
| Arbitrary | the signs do not reflect the actual image of what whichit symbolizes |
| Iconic | The sign is somewhat mimetic in construction |
| 4 parts of a sign | handshape/configuration, location, palm orientation, movement/articulation |
| phonology | the study of the smallest contrastive units of language |
| Min Pair- Mother | Father (change Location) |
| Mn Pair- Sit | Chair (movement) |
| Min Pair- Red | Sweet (handshape) |
| Min Pair- Die | Children (palm orientation) |
| Liddell& Johnson | claim sign and spoken langauge are the same in their basic structure |
| Dominate Hand | Strong Hand, will do all of the movement leads |
| Non-Dominate Hand | weak hand, referred to as the "base hand" |
| Unidirectional | Signs produced in a single direction |
| Oscillating Movement | The movement is contained within the hand itself and does not involve a change in location |
| Examples of unidirectional | good, understand, me |
| Examples of oscillating | yellow, dream, fan |
| phonological processes | the ways in which the parts of a sign interact with each other |
| The four parts of phonological procsses | movement epenthesis, hold deletion, metathesis and assimilation |
| Movement Epenthesis | The process of adding a movement between two signs |
| Examples of movement Epenthesis | Father Study, movement epenthesis is added |
| Hold deletion | this eliminates hold between movements when signs occur in sequence |
| Examples of hold deletion | good idea, holds eliminated producing a clearer fluency |
| Metathesis | The process of changing places (reverse direction, EX flower) |
| Examples of metathesis | home to head, flower to resturant |
| Some signs that do not allow Metathesis | Because the movement does not allow for change, EXAMPLES: chrst, thanksgiving, Indian, Blouse |
| Assimilation | A sign segment near it- usually the sign just before or right after the sign being assimilated |
| Examples of Assimilation | (two things blending to become one) Me inform= "me" takes on the hadshape of a modified o to match the sign for inform |
| Morphology | The study of the smallest meanigful unit a langauge and how that unit is used to build a new world |
| Morpheme | The smallest unit in language with meaning |
| Free morphemes | Independent morphemese, their meanings does not depend on the addition of another morpheme |
| Examples of Free morphemes | Baby & sit |
| Bound morphemes | Morphemes that are dependent upon another morpheme for their meaning |
| Examples of bound morphemes | Wait & er - "ER" bound morpheme |
| Bound morphemes- "Form Morpheme | is a consistent form (ex: er) that is added to a verb that then creates a noun from a verb with a consistent patteren (dance/dancer) is a bound morpheme |
| Process Morpheme | the emphasis is not an added form BUT is a stress shift on either the first or second syllable. Nothing is added to the form of the word but the meaning is changed by a shift in emphasis |
| Examples of process morphemes | Fly-Airplane |
| PRocess of repetition=reduplication | repeating motion to create a noun from a verb not by adding a suffix |
| affixation | the process of adding a bound morpheme to a verb to create a noun |
| Nouns simply repeat or reduplicates the verb | movement epenthesis |
| Compound | Two free morphemes joined together to create new meaning |
| 3 Morphological Rules | First contact rule, single sequence rule, weaker(non dominate0 hand anticipation rule |
| First contact rule | When two signs come together and the first sign has a contact hold in it |
| Single sequence rule | signs that have internal(1) movemnts are signed with out the internal(1) movements when compounded |
| Examples of single sequence rules | because it can only go this way, Wiggling of fingers for mother, father/mother = parents, girl-same as = sister |
| Weaker (non dom) hand anticipation rule | the non dominate hand awaits the second morpheme configuration |
| Example of weaker hand anticipation rule | Believe, non dom hand is soild not moving. |
| free morphine | Lexicalized Fingerspelling is a ... |
| 8 Changes in lexicalizing process | some letters may be dropped, location may change, handshapes change, movement may be added, palm orientaton may change, there may be reduplication of the movement, the second hand my be added, and grammatical information may be included |
| Some of the signed letters may be dropped | EX: yes "e" is delted. No more than two handshapes are allowed in a sign, |
| Location may change | Changes with emphasis EX: #food on forehead means obessed with food |
| Handshapes may change | #car = bried c that is moved into an open r, and remains a slight b |
| Movement may be added | Back to Bk slide yes to ys slight down |
| Palm orientation may change | #job = j starts wthpalm orientation out and ends with "b" pal orientation in |
| There may be reduplication of the movement | #ha = when indicating laughter or sarcastic comment, NO example |
| The second hand may be added | # what and#black may be fingerspelled with both hands for emphasis |
| Grammatical information may be included | location carries meaning, therefore it is grammatical in nature |
| Loan signs | often occrus when two languages meet. Name signs for countries is biggest example |
| Numerical Incorportation | two bounded morpemes that produce a sign. Two meaningful parts to this sign= the segmental structure and the handshape. Such as 7 weeks |
| articulatory use | its location is simply a part of how the sign is configured |
| phonological contrast | location changes the meaning (summer,dry) |
| morphological use | when verbs are modified by use of space (giveher/ you give) |
| referential function | referring to by pointing |
| locative function | classifier use |
| frame of reference | describing things from the signer's perspective |
| narrative perspective | telling the story and using space for placements of characters in the story |
Combine with other sets
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