Management
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Created by:
rogersparks on July 20, 2012
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Description:
Preliminary course 2012 NSW
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Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 mass production | process of manufacturing standardised goods on a huge sccale by automation |
| classical management approach | stresses how best to manage and organise workers to improve productivity and output |
| scientific management | approach that studies each job in great detail to discover the best way to perform the job |
| bureaucracy | the organisation of work using a strict set of rules and regulation to control the business |
| Frederick Taylor | an advocate of the scientific approach to management and the production line method of manufacture |
| Max Weber and Henri Fayol | pioneers of the Classical bureaucratic approach to management |
| planning | the preparation of a predetermined course of action for a business |
| strategic planning | long term planningthat sets out what the business wants to achieve |
| Tactical planning | medium term planning (1 to 2 years) that assists in implementing the strategic plan through the allocation of resources |
| Operational planning | controls the day to day operations that contribute to achieving the short term plans and Tactical plans |
| organising | the structuring of the organisation to translate plans and goals into action |
| controlling | compare what was intended to happen with what has actually occurred |
| control process | establishes standards in line with the business goals, and measure the performance against those benchmarks, making changes where needed. |
| management hierarchy | the structure of the organisation with the senior managers at the top and layers of management underneath |
| specialisation of labour | the degree to which tasks are divided into separatye jobs |
| chain of command | the line of authority that runs from the top of the business to the bottom |
| span of control | the number of worker managers supervise at each level of management |
| leadership style | the managers way of doing thing, their behaviour and attitude |
| autocratic leadership style | where the manager dictates work methods and constantly supervises performance of workers |
| behavioural management approach | stresses that people (employees) should be main focus of the way in which the business is organised |
| Elton Mayo | one of the pioneers of the behavioural approach |
| Hawthorne effect | meeting the needs of employees will improve productivity |
| delegation | handing over certain tasks or responsibilities to an employee who is suitably capable and qualified to carry them out |
| motivating | nergising and encouraging employees to achieve the business goals |
| leading | having a vision of where the business should be in the long and short term |
| teamwork | groups of people who interact regularly and coordinate their effort towards achieving a common goal |
| communicating | exchanging information between people; the sending and receiving of messages |
| flatter organissational structures | where the number of levels of management are reduced, giving greater responsibility to individuals |
| democratic leadership style | where the manager consults with employees to ask their suggestions and seriously considers these when making decisions |
| contingency approach | stresses the need for flexibility of management practices to suit the changing circumstances of the business environment. |
| outsourcing | the use of external businesses to undertake business functions for the business |
| strategies | the actions a business takes to achieve specific goals |
| interdependence | where the functions of the business rely on each other |
| division | separation of key business functions into departments |
| operations | business processes that involve making or transforming materials into a product |
| tangibles | goods that can be touched |
| intangibles | services, things that cannot be touched |
| inputs | resources used in the production process |
| transformation | conversion of inputs (resources) into outputs (goods and services) |
| ETMs | elaborately transformed manufactures are complex, highly valued goods |
| STMs | simply transformed manufactures are goods that are intermediategoods that are sold for further processing |
| outputs | the service or final product that is delivered to the consumer |
| quality management | strategy used by business to check goods to ensure they meet customer expectations |
| quality | the degree of excellence of goods or service and its fitness for a stated purpose |
| quality control | the sue of inspections at varous points of the production proces to check for problems or defects |
| quality assurance | the use of a system to ensure the business achieves set miniimum standards in production |
| TQM | Total quality management, a continuous attempt to improve the quality of the product. |
| quality circles | groups of workers who meet to solve problems relating to quality |
| marketing | a set of business activities designed to plan, price, promote and distribute goods and services that satisfy customers |
| marketing mix | a combination of the 4 key elements of marketing - the 4 Ps - product, price, promotion and place |
| marketing concept | a philosophy that states that all sections of the business focus on satisfying customer's needs and wants |
| target market | a group of customers with similar characteristics that the business focuses its marketing effort |
| mass marketing | an approach that seeks to satisfy a large range of customers |
| market segmentation | when the total market is subdivided into smaller groups of people who share one or more common characteristics |
| niche markets | a very small, narrow market segment |
| packaging | the development of a container and the graphic design for the product |
| brand | a name, term or symbol that identifies a specific product and distinguishes it from its comepetitors |
| brand logo | a graphic representation that identifies a business or it's product |
| promotion | methods used to inform, persuade and remind customers about its products |
| channels of distribution | the way or method of getting a product to the customer |
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