Essential Vocab
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14kifetara on July 24, 2012
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 rhetoric | The art of analyzing all the choices involving language that a writer, speaker, reader, or listener might make in a situation so that the text becomes meaningful, purposeful, and effective; the specific features of texts, written or spoken, that cause them to be meaningful, purposeful, and effective for readers or listeners in a situation |
| ethos | underlying character of a culture, group, etc.; character or ideas peculiar to a specific person, group, or culture; Ex. the company ethos |
| pathos | a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others |
| logos | an appeal based on logic or reason |
| audience | the part of the general public interested in a source of information or entertainment |
| figuritive language | language that makes comparisons not meant to be taken literally |
| imagery | language that appeals to the senses |
| irony | incongruity between what might be expected and what actually occurs |
| juxtaposition | the act of positioning close together (or side by side) |
| mood | a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling |
| persona | an actor's portrayal of someone in a play |
| rhetorical question | a statement that is formulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered |
| style | a way of expressing something (in language or art or music etc.) that is characteristic of a particular person or group of people or period |
| thesis | a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research |
| alliteration | use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse |
| allusion | passing reference or indirect mention |
| anaphora | repetition of a word or phrase as the beginning of successive clauses |
| antithesis | the juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas to give a feeling of balance |
| hyperbole | extravagant exaggeration |
| oxymoron | conjoining contradictory terms (as in 'deafening silence') |
| paradox | (logic) a self-contradiction |
| parallelism | similarity by virtue of correspondence |
| personification | the act of attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas etc. |
| complex sentence | a sentence composed of at least one main clause and one subordinate clause |
| compound sentence | a sentence composed of at least two coordinate independent clauses |
| compound-complec sentence | sentence that contains two+ independent clauses as well as one+ subordinating clauses |
| cumulative sentence | a sentence in which the main independent clause is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases (main clause is at the beginning) |
| periodic sentence | a complex sentence in which the main clause comes last and is preceded by the subordinate clause |
| inverted syntax | a sentence constructed so that the predicate comes before the subject (ex: In the woods I am walking.) |
| active voice | the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is performing the action or causing the happening denoted by the verb |
| passive voice | the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action denoted by the verb |
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