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Antidiuretic Hormone A hormone that acts on the nephron to increase the reabsorption of water from the urine, reducing it's volume and making it more concentrated. Brown Fat Fat tissue specialised for generating metabolic heat. Core body temperature Internal body temperature. Countercurrent flow Passage of fluids in close proximity and in opposite directions, allows more efficient of exchange between the fluids. Ectotherm In animals having a body temperature that is more or less determined by the temperature of the surrounding environment. Endotherm In animals having a relatively constant body temperature that is usually higher than the temperature of the surrounding environment. Heat Exchange This is done by insulation and by physiological and behavioural means. Heterotherm Normally ectothermic animal which under certain circumstances is able to use metabolic heat to raise it's body temperature. Hibernate Organism that must obtain organic compounds by eating other organisms or their products. Insulation In endotherms, layers of fur, fat and feathers, which reduce heat exchange with the environment. Kidneys The organ of excretion vertebrates, which often also has a role in water regulation, consist of many nephrons and their blood supply. Metabolic Heat Internal generated from metabolism the physical and chemical processes of an organism. Osmosis Passive diffusion of free water molecules across a semi permeable membrane from a solution in which there are more free water molecules to a solution in which there are less free water molecules.