| Term | Definition |
|---|
| database | a database is a collection of interrelated data items that are managed as a single unit |
| relational database | A collection of tables, the relationships between them, and auxiliary items such as views and stored procedures. The tables are organized according to the principles first described by E.F. Codd. |
| DBMS | database management system, System—the computer software that organizes the data on computers and manages access to it. Examples include Oracle, MySql, DB2, and Microsoft's SQL Server (for large-scale databases) and Access (for smaller databases). |
| three anomalies | insert, update, delete, These are caused by trying to store information about more than one entity in a single table. |
| two categories of modern databases | online transaction processing, online analytical processing spend more time on OLTP |
| OLAP | database , historical, not for day to day operations |
| designing a table | defining the columns in the table |
| adding rows | is populating the table |
| to design a column | give it a legal name, datatype, and sometimes constraints |
| candidate keys | fields that could serve as primary keys Ex. studentId, ssn,... |
| compound keys | combination of two or more fields can serve as the primary key |
| natural key | should use, if not one use surrogate |
| relation | a set of ordered tuples, relations are represented by tables in databases |
| entity | A generic noun, representing a class of things, but not one particular thing |
| Attribute, Field, Column | Properties possessed by entities. These are known as "fields" or "columns" in database tables. |
| Tuple, Record, Row | The theorist's "tuple" becomes a "record" or "row" in a database table |
| OLTP | designed for frequent changes, requires 3NF, |
| Normalization | Modifying the design of a database so that its tables are in 3NF. |
| Table Design | Defining the fields that make up a table, including identifying data types and assigning primary keys. |
| Constraint | A restriction on values that can be entered into a column. Setting the data type is one type of constraint; adding numeric ranges or min/max text lengths is another; and primary and foreign keys are a third type of constraint |
| Primary Key | One or more columns in a table which (together) uniquely identify a row (distinguish it from all others in the table). |
| Simple Key | A primary key consisting of one field |
| Compound Key | A primary key consisting of two or more fields. |
| Natural Key | A pre-existing or ready-made field which can serve as the primary key for a table. |
| Surrogate Key | A field (usually numeric) added to a table as the primary key when no natural keys are available. |
| Foreign Key | a field (or fields) in a table that is not the primary key in that table, but IS the primary key in another table. |
| Referential Integrity | This is a property of a relationship in Access which tells Access to take the relationship seriously by enforcing the foreign-key constraint. Entering a value in the foreign-key column of one table will require that that value already exist in the primary-key column of the other. |
| Intersection Table | A table used to implement a many-to-many relationship. The primary key of the intersection table is the combination of the primary keys of the two related tables. |
| DQL | Data Query Language, involves retrieving data from the database using the SELECT statement |
| DML | Data Manipulation Language, involves changing the records in a database using INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements. |
| query | question or request posed by a database |
| function | function FedTax(income as single), FedTax=income*.06, End Function |
| to declare a variable | dim income as double |
| IF LOOP | If (a=b) then....End IF |
| SELECT CASE | Select case XXX, case is > y: XXX="fafsd", case else:XXX"", end select |
| Visual Basic IDEs | menu, toolbars, toolbox, form designer, solution explorer, properties, error list |
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