physical fitness definitions
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Created by:
la_fille_en_verte on October 19, 2009
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 muscle | a fibrous, thread-like tissue grouped into primary bundles by connective tissue capable of contracting and relaxing to affect bodily movement |
| strength | demands a high rate of work; a very heavy load with few repetitions (higher weight, fewer reps) |
| endurance | requires a lightened load and increase in the number of repetions; lighter weight, more reps |
| flexibility | A moderately heavy load and a moderate number of repetitions, with particular attention given to extending the joint through its full range of movement. (Moderate weight, moderate repetitions, full ROM) |
| Resistance/Load | The weight to be lifted or held for a given exercise. |
| Overload | Maximal contraction of muscle tissue necessary to lift or hold a given resistance or weight. Muscular strength is increased as resistance to the action is progressively increased |
| Static (isometric) Exercise | Muscle contraction without a change in the length of the muscle or the angle of the joint. |
| Dynamic (isotonic) Exercise | Muscle contraction with a change in the length of the muscle or the angle of the joint. |
| Eccentric Contraction | A dynamic muscle contraction where the resistance is greater than the force applied by the muscle and the muscle lengthens as it contracts |
| Concentric Contraction | A dynamic muscle contraction where the muscle applies enough force to overcome the resistance and the muscle shortens as it contracts. |
| Rotation | Movement of a part around an axis |
| Abduction | Movement of a part away from the plane which splits the body into two equal halves, right and left. |
| Adduction | Movement of a part toward the plane which splits the body into two equal halves, left and right. |
| Depression | Lowering of a part yielding to gravity when in the standing position. |
| Elevation | Rising of a part against gravity when in the standing position. |
| Eversion | Moving the foot outward at the ankle. |
| Inversion | Moving the foot inward at the ankle |
| Extension | Straightening at a joint; increasing the angle between adjoining bones |
| Flexion | Bending at a joint; decreasing the angle between adjoining bones |
| Pronation | Rotation of forearm and hand to the palm-down position. |
| Supination | Rotation of forearm and hand to palm-up position. |
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