Psych M165 Ch. 12
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Access discrimination | situation in which an individual is not offered a given job or is offered a lesser job because of some defining characteristic (eg. sex) |
| Comparable worth policy | states that men and women in different jobs should be paid them same wage for comparable work |
| Demand-side theory | explanation for the wage gap that emphasizes the different ways men and women are treated |
| Denial of disadvantage | condition in which women perceive that discrimination exists but deny that they personally are victims of it |
| Differential exposure hypothesis | proposition that men and women possess different roles, which are associated with different stressors and different resources |
| Differential vulnerability hypothesis | Proposition that a specific role has different effects on men's and women's health |
| Glass ceiling | label applied to barriers to the advancement of men and minorities in organizations |
| Glass escalator | term referring to the the ability of men to be promoted quickly when they take positions in traditionally female fields |
| Hostile environment | type of sexual harrassment in which one person is creating a hostile, intimidating work environment for another |
| Human capital accumulation theory | A job and the salary associated with the job are functions of the person's characteristics or "human capital," such as skills, experience, and education (see supply-side theory) |
| Martial bonus | increase in income granted to men who are married and/or have children compared to men who are single |
| Maternal wall | employer's devaluation and limitation of job opportunities of female employees when they become parents |
| Norms | expectations for behavior |
| Pay disparity | type of treatment discrimination in which women are paid less than men for doing comparable work |
| Quid pro quo | type of sexual harrassment in which one person offers work benefits or threatens work repercussions in exchange for sexual favors |
| Role | position in society governed by a set of norms |
| Role conflict | condition in which the demands of one role are at odds with the demands of another role |
| Role expansion hypothesis | Idea that benefits are to be gained from having diverse roles |
| Role overload | condition that arises when time limitations create difficulties in fufilling obligations for one's roles |
| Role scarcity hypothesis | Idea that multiple roles will have a negative effect on health because time and resources are limited and additional roles tap resources |
| Role spillover | the idea that the effects of enacting one role spill over or affect how one enacts another role |
| Salary estimation effect | the assumption that jobs inhabited by men pay more than jobs inhabited by women |
| Selection effect | potential for healthier people to choose certain roles, which then leads to difficulties in determining whether these roles influence health |
| Sex-role spillover theory | suggestion that expectations about men's and women's roles carry over to the workplace when they are not appropriate or are irrelevant |
| Supply-side theory | explanation for the wage gap that emphasizes the different characteristics of male and female workers |
| Treatment discrimination | situation in which an individual receives a reduced salary or reduced opportunities for promotion compared to other individuals having the same job |
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