AP Bio definitions
About this set
Created by:
austin3374 on July 30, 2012
Subjects:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 universal | Adapted or adaptable to all or to various uses, shapes, sizes |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a molecule consisting of a long linear chain of nucleotides. Each nucleotide unit is comprised of a sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. |
| Protein | A molecule composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. |
| Translation | A step in protein biosynthesis wherein the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. |
| polypeptide | (1) A polymer of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds (2) An unbranched peptide, often comprised of about a hundred amino acids |
| compartmentalize | Divide into sections or categories. |
| lipid | A fatty or waxy organic compound that is readily soluble in nonpolar solvent (e.g. ether) but not in polar solvent (e.g water). Its major biological functions involve energy storage |
| Convoluted | 1. Curled, wound, or twisted together. 2. Complex |
| ATP | An organic compound composed of adenosine (an adenine ring and a ribose sugar) and three phosphate groups, hence, the name. |
| Hydrolytic | Of, tending to, or pertaining to, hydrolysis (the removal or separation of water). |
| Intracellular | Occurring or being (situated) inside a cell or cells. |
| Algae | A group of aquatic, photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms ranging from unicellular to multicellular forms, and generally possess chlorophyll but lack true roots, stems and leaves characteristic of terrestrial plants. |
| photosynthesis | The synthesis of complex organic material using carbon dioxide, water, inorganic salts, and light energy (from sunlight) captured by light-absorbing pigments, such as chlorophyll and other accessory pigments. |
| bond energy | The energy needed to break a molecular bond. |
| Carbon-fixation | The process by which photosynthetic organisms such as plants turn inorganic carbon (usually carbon dioxide) into organic compounds |
| Carbohydrates | Any of the group of organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually in the ratio of 1:2:1 |
| Polymer | A compound made up of several repeating units (monomers) or protomers. |
| Monomer | A molecule that may react chemically to another molecule of the same type to form a larger molecule, such as dimer, trimer, tetramer, polymer, etc. |
| Nucleotide | The basic building block of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. It is an organic compound made up of nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group. |
| Amino acid | The building block of protein in which each is coded for by a codon and linked together through peptide bonds. |
| hydrophobic | Lacking an affinity for water; insoluble in water; repelling water. |
| hydrophilic | Having an affinity for water; capable of interacting with water through hydrogen bonding; hygroscopic. |
| ionic | relating to a particle that is electrically charged |
| non-polar | Pertaining to a compound that is nonionic or does not dissociate into ions. |
| phospholipid | A lipid with one or more phosphate groups attached to it. |
| polar | Pertaining to a compound exhibiting polarity or dipole moment, that is a compound bearing a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge on the other. |
| dehydration synthesis | A chemical reaction that builds up molecules by losing water molecules. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.