Physics - Formulas
About this set
Created by:
jlcokeley on July 31, 2012
Subjects:
ultrasound, sonography, physics
Description:
Ultrasound Physics
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Wavelength | λ = c / f |
| Frequency | f = 1/T |
| Period | T = 1/f |
| Attenuation Coefficient | atten coeff = ½ f or f/2 |
| Pulse Repetition Period | PRP (ms) = 1/PRF |
| Pulse Repetition Frequency | PRF (Hz) = 1/PRP |
| Spatial Pulse Length | SPL (mm) = λ * n n = number of cycles in a pulse |
| Pulse Duration | PD (µs) = n/f n = number of cycles in a pulse |
| Duty Factor | DF (%) = PD/PRP *it is unit less! |
| Amplitude | max variation - mean value (dB) |
| Power | P (W) or (mW) = A^2 |
| Intensity | I = P (W)/area (cm^2) |
| Total Attenuation | TA (dB) = atten coef (dB/cm/MHz) * d (cm) *d = distance |
| Intensity Reflection Coefficient | IRC = [(Z₂-Z₁)/(Z₂+Z₁)]² |
| The Range Equation | d (mm) = ½ ct * t = pulse round trip time |
| 13 µs/cm rule | / |
| Impedance | Z (rayls) = ρ * c * ρ = rho > density |
| Axial Resolution | ar = SPL/2 |
| Lateral Resolution | lr = beam width |
| Operational Frequency | fo (MHz) = c (mm/µs)/2*th (mm) *fo = operational (or resonant) frequency *c = propagation speed of the transducer *th = thickness of the element |
| Q-factor | Q = fo/bandwidth (MHz) *fo = operational (or resonant) frequency |
| Imaging Depth max | pen (cm) * PRF (kHz) <= 77 (cm/ms) pen (cm) n LPF * FR (Hz) <= 77,000 cm/s |
| PRF (Hz) with FR | PRF (Hz) = n LPF FR (Hz) 77,000 cm/s / Imaging Depth (cm) |
| Nyquist Limit | NL (kHz) = PRF/2 |
| Doppler shift | 2 Fo V * Cosθ / C Fe - Fo |
| Bernoulli Effect | / |
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