MST-1350 Final Exam - Part 2
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Created by:
louieminnie on August 3, 2012
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Questions to ask yourself for final exam. All information taken off of in-class quizzes, take homes quizzes, and muscle exams.
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67 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Name 3 types of muscles and give an example of each. | 1) cardiac muscle - heart only 2) smooth muscle - digestive system, urinary, bv 3) skeletal muscle - attaches to our bones to move |
| T or F..Phasic muslces are a group muscles designed to provide movement? | True |
| Complete: Phasic muscles are type ___ muscles, used primarily for quick infrequent powerful movement. | Type II |
| Phasic muscles respond to dysfunction by_________ and stress by and weakening? | hypotonicity |
| Name 2 Phasic muscles? | Deltoid, rhomboids, hamstrings, serratus anterior |
| What muscle group are the "movers"? | Type II Phasic Muscles -- they respond quick, and strong; that is why they are easy to fatigue |
| What muscle group are the "stabilizers"? | Type I Postural Muscles --these are muscles that work all the time; slow to fatigue. respond to stress and abuse by becoming tighter and shorter. |
| Name 2 Postural muscles? | Upper trapezius, levator scapulae, sternocleiodomastoid, latissimus dorsi |
| T or F...Reflex is an involuntary or automatic response to stimuli; doesn't involve the brain or thought process | True |
| T or F..A knee jerk reaction is considered a "simple reflex arc"? | True |
| T or F ...Pain threshold is the occurence pain. where enough stimuli has been received to initiate a response | True |
| T or F....How we respond to painful stimuli is called "pain tolerance"? | True |
| T or F Inflammation is a protective response from an injury or destruction of tissue? | True |
| What technique was found to yield the greatest change in ROM? | PNF |
| Connective tissue is comprised of _________ and ____________. | cells and ground substance |
| Name 3 connective tissue fibers that are produced by fibroblasts. | 1) collagen 2) elastin 3) retaculin |
| What type of connective tissue are tendon and ligaments? | Dense regular c.t. |
| Name 3 tissue responses to an acute trauma (inflammatory response)? | 1) decrease ROM, 2) heat, 3) redness, 4) swelling, 5) pain |
| Name 2 benefits of massage during the post-acute phase of an injury or chronic musculoskeletal condition. | 1) increase ROM, 2) decrease pain |
| T or F...Connective tissue is highly collagenous? | False---CT is highly vascular |
| T or F...Joint capusles or the dermis is considered Loose Areolar tissue? | False---it is dense irregular C.T. |
| T or F...Mast cells secrete histamines which create the redness of the skin when we massage an area? | True |
| T or F.. Ground substance remains the same in quantity and consistency throughout our life? | False ---it decreases with age. |
| T or F...Scar tissue is comprised of collagen fibers placed randomly at an injury site? | True |
| T or F...Long term facsial and c.t. dysfunctions are easily reversible with only a few deep tissue massage sessions? | False --they may or may not be reversed. |
| T or F...During the sub-acute phase of an injury, immature collagen is formed. Deep friction and joint mobilizations are necessary to allow the collagen to form and position in propor tissue alignment. | False - Gentle massage (not deep) and gentle mobilization is done to reduce edema, reduce adhesions and increase circulation. |
| T or F...Over-use Trauma Syndrome happens quickly? | False---it has a slow onset, from slow continuous use over time. |
| What tissue is addressed when applying skin rolling? | superficial fascia and skin |
| This c.t. fiber allows for strength. | collagen |
| This c.t. fiber c.t. allows for its elasticity. | Elastin |
| T or F...A stretched rubber band is anexample of a tensile force? | True--its a force that acts to pull the muscle--stretch it! |
| T or F...Viscous property of c.t. means that you stretch it so much that it won't go back to its original form? | True |
| T or F...Visoelastic property of c.t. means it has elastin to stretch and then return to its original length. | True |
| T or F...Treating c.t. first makes the treatment/massage more effective? | True |
| When performing CT techniques, give one reasons why are strokes very slow, deep to tolerance and usually without lotion? | 1) to avoid engaging the sympathic nervous system' 2) to avoid changing the compositon of the tissue 3) client can adjust to the technique 4) client can provide some feedback |
| T or F... Connective tissue forms the support and framework for most of our anatomy? | True--- it is comprised of cells, fibers and ground substance.; hihgly vascular; link between structures iin our body |
| T or F..Skin behavior depends on combination of collagen, elastin and reticulr fibers, size and type of collagen, % of collagen to elastin and reticular, age of collagen? | True |
| T or F... bone tissue has no BV or nerve supply? | False---bone tissue is highly vascular; it is cartilage tissue that no bv or nerves. |
| T or F..Compact bone is the dense outer layer, covered by periosteum which serves as atachmetn for muscle? | True; spongy bone is the inner portio of bone |
| T or F... The viscous/plastic property of Ct is collagen? | True |
| T or F..The visoelastic property of CT is elastin? | True |
| T or F...Improper postures, immobility and illness cause fascia tissue to distort or shorten? | True |
| T or F..fascia tissue realigns according to the dysfunction --possibly causing long-term pathology? | True |
| T or F..Distortions may be reversible if tissue is stretched regularly. | True |
| T or F..In the "Maturation" Phase of trauma, no inflammation is present? | True |
| With a muscle ____________, muscle fibers are puled beyond their stretch? | strain |
| With a muscle __________, ligament fibers are pulled beyond their normal stretch. | Sprain |
| What are the 2 classifications of joints? | 1) structure and 2) function |
| Name a diarthrodial joint (freely moveable)? | 1) elbow, 2) knee |
| Name a 2 multiaxial joint? | hip, or shoulder |
| Name a 2 biaxial joint? | wrist, ankle |
| Name a uniaxial joint? | Elbow |
| In what plane does flexion occur? | sagittal |
| In what plane does abduction occur? | frontal |
| In what place does internal/external rotation occur? | transverse |
| Joint ROM of primarily reliant on what 3 conditions? | 1) integrity of joint capsule, 2) integrity of surounding c.t. and skin. 3) ligament, tendon and associated nerve integrity, 4) attachment site, 5) flexibility of assocaited musculture. |
| Name 4 highly contagious skin conditions that are contraindicated to massage therapy? | 1) bacterial- impetigo 2) viral-warts, herpes simplex, 3) fungal-athlets foot, ringworm, 4)parasitic- scabies, lice |
| Joints or articulations are classified two ways, ________ and __________? | structural and functional |
| T or F..Fibroblasts cells are responsible for the production of collagen, elastin, and ground substance? | True |
| T or F...When "creep" happens to a muscle, the tissue becomes deformed? | True---the slow elongation fo collagen fibers during and following constant or repeated stretch makes the tissue deformed. |
| What do muscle spindles detect? | Changes in length of the muscle. |
| What do nociceptors detect? | Painul stimuli |
| An involuntary contraction to a muscle that is usually painful is called a muscle ______? | Spasm |
| A protective mechanism that prevents injury to muscle tissue and is initiated upon a sudden or intense stretch is called a "stretch ________"? | Stretch reflex |
| T or F...Tensile force is a force that acts to pull the muscle ---stretch it? | True |
| What c.t. is for joint capsules and dermis of skin? | Dense irregular |
| Define a joint? | Point of contact between 2 bones. |
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