| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Carthage | Enemy of Rome during the Punic Wars |
| Hannibal | Leader of the Carthage army during the 2nd Punic War |
| Republic | A form of government where the power rests with the citizens who elect representatives to govern them |
| Julius Caesar | Appointed as the 'dictator for life' of Rome |
| Tribunes | Select group of individuals in the Senate who had veto power of laws passed by the Senate |
| Barbarians | People who were not from Rome; invaded during the 5th century |
| Gladiators | Prisoners or slaves who fought for entertainment |
| Brutus | One of members of the Senate to assassinate Julius Caesar |
| Marc Anthony | One of the members of the 2nd Triumvirate; married to Cleopatra |
| Constantine | Made Christianity the official religion of Rome |
| Latin | Official language of Rome |
| Gospels | The first 4 books of the New Testament of The Bible that tell the story of Jesus |
| Aqueducts | Used to move water long distances |
| Arches | Construction technique that used a keystone. |
| Pax Romana | Time period of Roman Peace when Christianity spread throughout Rome |
| Legion | A military fighting unit |
| Etruscans | The inhabitants of the Italian Peninsula before the birth of Rome. |
| Pompeii | City of Rome that was covered by the volcanic explosion of Mt. Vessuvius |
| Augustus | The exalted one |
| Diaspora | Mass migration of the Jews out of the Promised Land; Fleeing Roman persecution |
| Attila | Leader of the Huns who invaded the Roman Empire from Asia |
| Pope | Leader of the Roman Catholic Church headquartered in Vatican City |
| Elephants | Exotic animal used by Hannibal against the Romans in the 2nd Punic War |
| Greco Roman | Mixed culture of Roman and Hellenistic |
| Peter | Believe to be the 1st leader of the Christian Church after Jesus' death |
| Paul | Author of the majority of the New Testament of The Bible |
| Romulus and Remus | Legend says they are twin sons that found Rome and were raised by a she wolf |
| Cleopatra | She was an egyptian queen who had an affair with Marc Antony. She commits suicie with Marc Antony because Marc was defeated at Actium and Augustus was after them. |
| Plebeians | one of the common people in roman republic, a person who had no say in government. |
| Patricians | the wealthy class in Roman society; landowners |
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