Biology and Behavior
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9 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Neuron | a cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses, a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system |
| Neurontransmitter | A chemical substance that is release by a transmitting neuron at the synapse and that alters the activity of a receiving neuron; a chemical that transport impluses across synapses |
| Glial Cells | cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons. Specialized cells that remove waste products from the brain |
| Receptor site | A location on a receptor neuron into which a specific neurotransmitter fits like a key into a lock. Where neurotransmitters plug in. |
| Acetylcholine | a neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction and affects learning and memory and also keeps the heart from beating too rapidly. |
| Endorphine | A neurotransmitter that affects the metabolosm of glucose and nutrient energy stored in muscles to be released during strenuous exercise. |
| GABA | Primary inhibitory neurotransmutter in the brain. |
| Myelin Sheath | a layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next |
| Serotonin | a neurotransmitter involved in e.g. sleep and depression and memory, aggression, and appetite. |
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