| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Rule Four | Allows the four judges be the number needed to review a case. |
| Example of Rule of Four | Mapp v. Ohio is an example of (# of judges) |
| Writ of Habeas Corpus | "Bring the body to court" Relief against unlawful detention. |
| What amendments insures the "Writ of Habeas Corpus" | 5th, 6th, 7th |
| Example of Habeas Corpus | Exparte McCardle |
| Writ of Mandamus | "We Command' Superior court issues a lower court a mandatory duty |
| Example of "Writ of Mandamus" | Marbury v. Madison establishes what writ? |
| Article Three of the US Constitution | Article that establishes the Judicial branch |
| Original Jurisdiction | Supreme Court has (????) in cases involving ambassadors, public minstrils, cases when the U.S is a party, disputes between states. |
| Fourteenth Amendment | Equal Protection Clause. Brought Bill of rights to state level |
| First Amendment | Freedom of speech, religion, press, right to assembly, and petition for grievence |
| Fourth Amendment | Search and Seizures |
| Court case establishing 4th Amendment | Mapp v. Ohio is shown in what amendment |
| Fifth Amendment | Self incrimination; double jepordy |
| Court case establishing 5th amendment | Miranda v Arizona |
| Sixth Amendment | Right to speedy trial and due process of law |
| Court case establishing 6th amendment | Gideon v wainwright |
| Second Amendment | Right to bear arms |
| Ninth Amendment | Amendment that insures right of the people not specifically enumerated in the constitution |
| Court case establishing 9th amendment | Griswold v. Connecticut |
| Tenth Amendment | Reserved powers of the States |
| Court case establishing 10th amendment | Hammer v . Dagenhart |
| Judicial Review | Power of the court to review and law of executive order |
| Court case that established Judicial Review | Marbury v. Madison |
| Federalist Paper #78 | 1.) Mode of appointing judges. 2.) Tenure of appointment 3.) Judicial review and dividing of authority |
| Commerce | Economic intercourse between two or more states |
| Court case that established commerce | Gibbon v Ogden |
| Necessary and Proper Clause | Article I Sec. 8 Congress shall have power to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution forgoing powers and all other powers vested by the constitution |
| Case that established Necessary and Proper Clause | Maculloch v Maryland |
| Clear and Present Danger | Speech that threatens the evils congress is vested to protect against |
| Guarantees Clear and Present danger | First Amendment, Speech |
| Established Clear and Present danger | Schenck v. US |
| Mapp v. Ohio | Established the need for a warrant in search and seizure |
| Community Standards | Local norms for acceptable conduct |
| Bad Tendency Rule | Curtailing of 1st amendment rights if you advocate evil |
| Symbolic Speech | Covered by the 1st amendment exp. "The bird" |
| Commercial Speech | Speech done on the behalf of a company or individual for the intent of profit. |
| Commercial speech is covered by what amendment | First amendment covers this speech |
| Slander | 3rd party rumor against you |
| Libel | Written statement of defamation that creates economic hardship |
| Social Values | Upheld values |
| Double jeopardy | Can't be charged for the same crime twice |
| Zone of Privacy | Protects the rights retained by the people that are not explicitly stated |
| Criminal Cases | Those who commit criminal acts as defined by the state |
| Civil Cases | Private Relations; Redistribution of money |
| Supreme Court Judges | Sonia Sotomayor, Samuel Alito, Stephan Breyer, Ruth Ginsburg, Clerence Thomas, Anthony Kennedy, John Roberts, John Stevens, Antonio Scalia |
| Miranda v. Arizona | Statement of rights during arrests |
| Miranda Rights | You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have a right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you." |
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