| Term | Definition |
| agriculture | the science, art, and business of raising animals and plants to supply food for humans; farming |
| fertile | bearing, producing, or capable of producing vegetation, crops, etc., abundantly |
| famine | a widespread shortage of food that threatens death from starvation |
| civilization | a complex society with a stable food supply, specialization of labor, a government, and a highly developed culture |
| surplus | an extra amount; more than is needed |
| domesticate | to train or adapt an animal or plant to live in a human environment, making it more useful to humans |
| self-sufficient | being able to provide for oneself without depending on others |
| irrigation | the act of supplying dry lands with water by means of canals, ditches, pipes, and streams |
| shrine | a sacred place where people worship |
| environment | all the living and non-living things in a person's surroundings |