AP Psych Unit 1
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Created by:
erinjoyce04 on August 14, 2012
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42 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 empiricism | the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation |
| structuralism | an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind |
| functionalism | a school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish |
| experimental psychology | the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method |
| behaviorism | the view that psychology (1) should be objective science (2) studies behavioral without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologist today agree with (1) but not (2) |
| humanistic psychology | historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and individual's potential for personal growth |
| cognitive neuroscience | the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language) |
| psychology | the science of behavior and mental processes |
| nature-nurture issue | the longstanding controversy over the relative contribution that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science sees the trait and behavior arising from the interaction of nature and nurture |
| natural selection | the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations |
| levels of analysis | the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon |
| biopsychosocial approach | an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social cultural levels of analysis |
| biological psychology | a branch of psychology that studies the links between biological and psychological processes |
| evolutionary psychology | the study the study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principals of natural selection |
| psychodynamic psychology | a branch of psychology and studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses the information to treat people with psychological disorders |
| behavioral psychology | the scientific of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning |
| cognitive psychology | the scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating |
| social-cultural psychology | the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking |
| psychometrics | the scientific study of measurements of human abilities, attitudes, and traits |
| basic research | pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
| development psychology | the scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span |
| personality psychology | the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting |
| social psychology | the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to on another |
| applied psychology | scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
| industrial organizational psychology | the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces |
| human factors psychology | the study of how people and machines interact and the design of safe and easily used machines and environments |
| counseling psychology | a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living and achieving greater weel-being (often related to school, work, or marriage) |
| clinical psychology | a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders |
| psychiatry | a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy |
| educational psychology | the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning |
| dualism | mind and body are separate things, hardwiring (Socrates & Plato) |
| monism | mind and body are a single thing, blank slate (Aristotle) |
| empiricism | experience (the senses) knowledge; observation and experiment |
| Wihelm Wundt | 1st psych lab in 1879 Leipzig, Germany |
| Edward Titchenen | school of structuralism |
| introspection | Titchenen, structure of the mind, self recording of feelings |
| William James | 1st american with psych degree, attended Harvard, author 1st textbook, founder of American Psychology Association |
| functionalism | how the ming functions (adapt, survive) |
| Mary Calkins | studied at Harvard, was denied an agree, got degree from another college, became 1st women president of the American Psychology |
| psychology | about philosophy and biology, study of human behaviors an mental processes |
| big three | intelligence, personality, temperament |
| pysch introduced | 1879 (Watson, Skinner, Paulo, Freud) |
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