| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Endocytosis | A process of cellular ingestion by which the plasma membrane folds inward to bring substances into the cell. There are two kinds: Phagocytosis and Pinocytosis |
| Phagocytosis | A kind of endocytosis in which the ingestion of large food particles or cellular debris is involved |
| Pinocytosis | A type of endocytosis which involves the ingestion of fluids or dissolved particles. |
| Passive transport | When a substance crosses the cell membrane without any input of energy by the cell. |
| Diffusion | When a molecule moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use or input of energy by the cell |
| Concentration Gradient | The difference in the concentration of molecules across a space |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| equilibrium | when the concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system, the system has reach ________ |
| Isotonic | "same strength" The concentration of the solutes is the same inside and outside the cell |
| Hypersonic | " above strength." Solution has a higher solute concentration than the cell |
| Hypotonic | "Below strength." Solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell. |
| Facilitated diffusion | molecules that cannot diffuse across the cell membrane's lipid bilayer on their own move through protein channels instead. |
| active transport | the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a lower to a higher concentration, requiring the consumption of energy. |
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