| Term | Definition |
| rock | mixture of such minerals, rock fragments volganic glass organic matter or other natural materials |
| rock cycle | how rocks slowly change through time |
| ignoeus rock | hot magma that cools and hardends |
| lava | magma |
| intrusive igneous rocks | rocks formed below earth |
| extrusive igneous rocks | lava that cooled on the earth |
| basaltic igneous rocks | dence dark colored rocks |
| granitic igneous rocks | light colored rocks of a lower density than basaltic rocks |
| metamorphic rocks | rocks that changed 'cause of changes in tempearature and pressure or the presence of hot watery fluids |
| foliated texture | when mineral grains line in parellel layers |
| non foliated texture | when mineral grians grow and rearrange but they dont form layers |
| sediments | loose materials such as rock fragments mineral grains and bit of shell that have been moved by wind |