| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Macronutrient | The "Big Six" required elements needed in the body in large amounts: Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur |
| Micronutrient | Nutrients required by the body but in small amounts. Ex: Iron, Calcium, Zinc |
| Residence Times | The Average length of time an element is stored in a specific reservior before moving onto the next reservoir |
| Flux/Rate of Change | The amount of an element that leaves or enters a reservoir per unit of time |
| Limiting Factor | The amount of an element that restricts growth |
| Evaporation | The process of changing from a liquid to a gas |
| Condensation | The process of changing from a gas form to a liquid form |
| Precipitation | Water that falls from the Earth. (Ex: Rain, Snow, Hail) |
| Respiration | The process of breathing water vapor into the air by animals |
| Run-Off | Where water runs off the surface into a stream or body of water |
| Percolation | The dripping of water through the ground which cleans it and then stores it underground as an aquifer |
| Consumption | The taking in of water by animals and plants |
| Transpiration | Plants releasing of water through leaves |
| CO2 | Carbon Dioxide |
| C6H12O6 | Glucose (Sugar) |
| CH4 | Methane |
| CO3^-2 and HCO3^-1 | Carbonate Ion and Bicarbonate Ion. (Want to bond with metals) |
| Photosynthesis | Only in plants. The process of creating glucose for energy. |
| Cellular Respiration | All living things. Takes Glucose and releases CO2. |
| Assimilation/Biosynthesis (Carbon Cylce) | The process of using glucose to make carbohydrates |
| Lithification | The Formation of Rocks; Limestone CaCO3 |
| Decomposition | Bacteria breaking down dead matter; releases CO2 or CH4 |
| Coalification | Fossil Fuels are formed by decayed plants and animals put under a lot of pressure and heat (Coal, Oil) |
| Combustion | Burning carbon products that releases CO2 |
| Uplifting/Weathering/Erosion | Limestone is uplifted from the earth, water and wind causes it to erode and then can end up in water by run-offs |
| PO4^-3 | Phosphate: Not soluable in water AND has no gas form |
| Eutrophication | When Phosphorus enters the ocean and sucks up the oxygen causing dead zones and algae blumes |
| Diffusion | CO2 is absorbed into the ocean |
| N2 | Nitrogen Gas |
| NO3^-1 | Nitrate Ion |
| NO2^-1 | Nitrite Ion |
| NO2 | Nitrogen Dioxide Gas |
| NH3 | Ammonia |
| NH4^+1 | Ammonium Ion |
| N2O | Nitrous Oxide (Green House Gas) |
| Nitrogen Fixation | Atmospheric N2 is converted to NO3^-1 or NH3 (Lightning Strikes/Bacteria) |
| De-Nitrification | Where Bacteria in soil/water "strip" oxygen off of NO3^-1 and convert it back to atmospheric Nitrogen (N2) |
| Biosynthesis/Assimilation (Nitrogen Cycle) | NO2^-1/NO3^-1 make protiens and amino acids |
| Urination | Contains a lot of Nitrogen |
| Ammonification | Decomposition in the Nitrogen cycle where NO2^-1/NO3^-1 is released into the soil |
| Nitrification | The converting of NH3 to NO2^-1 and NO3^-1 becuase of Ammonia is toxic to life |
| Igneous Rock | Rock formed by volcanic eruptions, lava/magna flows; can form intrusively and extrusively (ex: Quartz, Granite) |
| Sedimentary Rocks | Formed from Lithification and Weathering/Erosion; Usually has a layered appearance, fossils (ex: chalk, limestone, clay) |
| Mechanical Weathering | Breaking up rocks into smaller peices without changing the chemical form-- freezing/thawing, collisions |
| Chemical Weathering | Breaking up rocks by changing the chemical make-up of the rock to a different substance |
| Metamorphic Rock | Rock Formed under extreme heat and pressure within the Earth's crust (ex: marble) |
| Leaching | The process of water infiltration which disolves soil within the chemical weathering process and are moved downwards |
Combine with other sets
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