10th Grade Chemistry CH>1&2
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theresamiddleton Teacher on August 28, 2012
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Chemistry | the scientific study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes that matter undergoes |
| Mass | a measure of the amount of matter in an object |
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Atom | the smallest unit of an element that maintain the chemical properties of that element |
| Element | a substance that can not be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number |
| Compound | a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |
| Physical Property | a characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change, such as density, color, or hardness |
| Physical Change | a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties |
| Chemical Property | a property of matter that describes a substance's ability to participate in chemistry |
| Chemical Change | a change that occurs when one or more substances change entirely into new substances with different properties |
| Solid | the state of matter in which the volume and shape of a substance are fixed |
| Liquid | the state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape |
| Gas | a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape |
| Reactants | a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction |
| Products | a substance that forms in a chemical reaction |
| Mixture | a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
| Homogeneous Solution | a mixture that has uniform composition and properties throughout |
| Heterogeneous Solution | a mixture having a non-uniform composition |
| Pure Substance | a sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties |
| Groups | a vertical column of elements in the periodic table; elements in a group share chemical properties |
| Periods | in chemistry a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table |
| Metals | an element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity |
| Nonmetals | an element that conducts heat and electricity poorly and that does not form positive ions in an electrolytic solution |
| Metalloids | an element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals; sometimes referred to as a semiconductor |
| Hypothesis | an explanation that is based on prior scientific research or observations and that can be tested |
| Quantity | something that has magnitude, size, or amount |
| Weight | a measure of gravitational force exerted on an object; its value can change with the location of the object in the universe |
| Volume | a measure of the size of a body or region in three-dimensional space |
| Conversion Factor | a ratio that is derived from the equality of two different units and that can be used to convert from one unit to the other |
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