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cyclone (meteorology) rapid inward circulation of air masses about a low-pressure center clockwise flow of air in Northern Hemisphere anticyclone (meteorology) winds spiraling outward from a high-pressure center trade winds tow belts that blow steadily from east to west and toward the equator. The trade winds are caused by hot air rising at the equator, with cool air moving in to take its place from the north and from the south. The winds are deflected westward because of the Earth's west-to-east rotation. westerlies prevaling winds that blow from west to east between 30 degrees & 60degrees latitude in the hemisphere. polar easterlies these winds lag behind the earth's rotation so that they blow out of the northeast in the Northern Hemisphere and out of the southeast in the Southern Hemisphere together they are called polar front an stormy ever changing boundary between the colder air masses toward the poles and the warmer air masses toward the tropical origins monsoon seasonal reversal of wind directions associated with large continents, especially Asia; In winter the winds blow from land to sea, in summer wind blows from sea to land prevailing wind a wind that consistently blows from one direction more than from another anemometer an instrument used to determine wind speed El Niño the name given to a periodic warming of the ocean that occurs in the central and eastern Pacific; A major El Niño episode can cause extreme weather in many parts of the world air mass a large body of air that is characterized by similar temperatures and amounts of moisture at any given altitude front the boundary between two adjoining air masses having contrasting characteristics warm front a front along which a warm air mas overrides a retreating mass of cooler air cold front a front along which a cold air mass thrusts beneath a warmer air mass stationary front a situation in which the surface position of a front does not move; The flow on either side of such a boundary is nearly parallel to the position of the front occluded front a front formed when a cold front overtakes a warm front; It marks the beginning of the end of a middle-latitude cyclone kyklon "moving in a circle" from high to low the wind movement of high and low pressures