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What equation would you use to find the volume of a rectangular box? Volume = length x width x height Which units would you use to express the volume of an irregular solid such as a rock? cm3 (centimeters cubed) What is the best way to tell if a chemical change has taken place? composition change, it changes to a new substance What are the chemical properties of matter? reactivity Which property of matter is a measure of the gravitational force? weight In a graduated cylinder contiaining several layers of liquids, where is the least dense liquid found? on top What chemical property is responsible for rusting iron? reactivity with oxygen Why is the motion of a 150 g ball is more difficult to change than the motion of a 50 g ball? because of its mass What unit of measuremant would be appropriate to describe the density of a bar of silver? grams/ centimeter cubed g/cm3 Which physical property describes the relationship b/t mass and volume? density Malleability is an example of a physical property What has mass and takes up space? matter Why is density considered a useful property for identifying matter? it is unique to each substance How can you tell that baking a cake produces a chemical change? entirely new substance is formed Crystalline solids include: repeating rows of patterns Boyles Law states that at constant temperature the volume of the gas is inversely related to pressure (volume increases as pressure decreases) Charles Law states that as temperature of a gas increases the volume increases, as temperature decreases the volume decreases How do the particles of water that evaporate differ form those that remain? evaporated particles have more speed and more energy A drop of vinegar will flow and spread out but a drop of vegetable oil will form a bead. This is evidence that vinegar lower viscosity and surface tension Which of the following examples involves an exothermic change? condensation and droplets on cup Boiling point, melting point and density are some of an element's physical properties When two or more elements join together chemically, compound formed How do elements join to form compounds? specific mass ratio What is a pure substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined? compound If a spoon of salt is mixed in a glass of water, what is the water called solvent What is a solid solution of a metal or nonmetal dissolved in a metal? alloy The flammability of a substance is chemical property When elements form mixtures, the elements keep original properties How are metalloids similar to metals? Some good conductors of electricity The smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance is called a(n) atom How would you describe the nucleus? dense, positively charged Where are electrons likely to be found? electron cloud Dalton believed that atoms of same element exactly alike What did Democritus, Dalton, Thomas, Rutherford, and Bohr all have in common? contributed to develop atomic theory An atom of gold with 79 protons, 79 electron, and 118 neutrons would have a mass number of 197 Which part of an atom has the least mass? electron Each vertical column on the periodic table is called a(n) group The elements to the right of the zigzag line on the period table are called nonmetal Most metals are solid at room temperature and good conductors Mendeleev arranged the elements by increasing atomic mass The horizontal row on the period table is called a(n) period Transitional metals are good conductors thermal energy What element makes up about 20% of the air we breathe? 02 The groups of elements that do not have individual names are called the Transition metals The law of conservation of energy states what? chemical reaction, energy is not created or destroyed, but can change What usually increases the rate of a reaction? grinding to powder,stirring, adding heat, energy The amount of matter in a given volume is mass The amount of space something occupies is its volume The ways that scientists answer question is the scientific method The summary of many results and observations scientific law A measure of the amount of matter in objects mass A measure of the gravitational force on object weight The amount of space occupied by an object volume The tendency of matter to resist changes in motion inertia Objects float or sink as a result of this property density The physical form in which a substance exists states of matter A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means elements A sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties pure substance Am element that is shiny and conducts heat and electric current metal Element that conducts heat and electricity poorly and can be a solid, liquid, or gas nonmetal Elements that have properties of both metals ans non metals, semi conductors metalliods Combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined mixture Homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout a single phase solution Substance that dissolves in a solvent solute Substance in which a solution dissolves solvent Amount of a substance in a given quanity of a mixture, solution, or ore concentration Ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure solubility Which side is the reactant on? 2OH + 2Cl --- 2OHCl Left Which side is the product on? 2OH + 2Cl -----2OHCl right Mixture in which the particles are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or a gas suspension Mixture consisting of tiny particles of a material that are intermediate in size between those in solution and those in suspensions colloid Positively charges subatomic particle proton Negatively charged subatomic particle electron Uncharged particle Neutron Sum of protons and neutrons Atomic mass Describes the mass of an atom atomic mass unit Number of protons in the nucleus Atomic number How many valence electrons do the elements in group 1 have? 1 How many valence electrons do the elements in group 18 have? 8 How many valence electrons to the elements in group 2 have? 2 How many valence electrons do the elements in group 13 have? 3 How many valence electrons do the elements in group 16 have? 6