| Term | Definition |
|---|
| What equation would you use to find the volume of a rectangular box? | Volume = length x width x height |
| Which units would you use to express the volume of an irregular solid such as a rock? | cm3 (centimeters cubed) |
| What is the best way to tell if a chemical change has taken place? | composition change, it changes to a new substance |
| What are the chemical properties of matter? | reactivity |
| Which property of matter is a measure of the gravitational force? | weight |
| In a graduated cylinder contiaining several layers of liquids, where is the least dense liquid found? | on top |
| What chemical property is responsible for rusting iron? | reactivity with oxygen |
| Why is the motion of a 150 g ball is more difficult to change than the motion of a 50 g ball? | because of its mass |
| What unit of measuremant would be appropriate to describe the density of a bar of silver? | grams/ centimeter cubed g/cm3 |
| Which physical property describes the relationship b/t mass and volume? | density |
| Malleability is an example of a | physical property |
| What has mass and takes up space? | matter |
| Why is density considered a useful property for identifying matter? | it is unique to each substance |
| How can you tell that baking a cake produces a chemical change? | entirely new substance is formed |
| Crystalline solids include: | repeating rows of patterns |
| Boyles Law states that at constant temperature | the volume of the gas is inversely related to pressure (volume increases as pressure decreases) |
| Charles Law states that | as temperature of a gas increases the volume increases, as temperature decreases the volume decreases |
| How do the particles of water that evaporate differ form those that remain? | evaporated particles have more speed and more energy |
| A drop of vinegar will flow and spread out but a drop of vegetable oil will form a bead. This is evidence that | vinegar lower viscosity and surface tension |
| Which of the following examples involves an exothermic change? | condensation and droplets on cup |
| Boiling point, melting point and density are some of an element's | physical properties |
| When two or more elements join together chemically, | compound formed |
| How do elements join to form compounds? | specific mass ratio |
| What is a pure substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined? | compound |
| If a spoon of salt is mixed in a glass of water, what is the water called | solvent |
| What is a solid solution of a metal or nonmetal dissolved in a metal? | alloy |
| The flammability of a substance is | chemical property |
| When elements form mixtures, the elements | keep original properties |
| How are metalloids similar to metals? | Some good conductors of electricity |
| The smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance is called a(n) | atom |
| How would you describe the nucleus? | dense, positively charged |
| Where are electrons likely to be found? | electron cloud |
| Dalton believed that | atoms of same element exactly alike |
| What did Democritus, Dalton, Thomas, Rutherford, and Bohr all have in common? | contributed to develop atomic theory |
| An atom of gold with 79 protons, 79 electron, and 118 neutrons would have a mass number of | 197 |
| Which part of an atom has the least mass? | electron |
| Each vertical column on the periodic table is called a(n) | group |
| The elements to the right of the zigzag line on the period table are called | nonmetal |
| Most metals are | solid at room temperature and good conductors |
| Mendeleev arranged the elements by | increasing atomic mass |
| The horizontal row on the period table is called a(n) | period |
| Transitional metals are | good conductors thermal energy |
| What element makes up about 20% of the air we breathe? | 02 |
| The groups of elements that do not have individual names are called the | Transition metals |
| The law of conservation of energy states what? | chemical reaction, energy is not created or destroyed, but can change |
| What usually increases the rate of a reaction? | grinding to powder,stirring, adding heat, energy |
| The amount of matter in a given volume is | mass |
| The amount of space something occupies is its | volume |
| The ways that scientists answer question is | the scientific method |
| The summary of many results and observations | scientific law |
| A measure of the amount of matter in objects | mass |
| A measure of the gravitational force on object | weight |
| The amount of space occupied by an object | volume |
| The tendency of matter to resist changes in motion | inertia |
| Objects float or sink as a result of this property | density |
| The physical form in which a substance exists | states of matter |
| A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means | elements |
| A sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties | pure substance |
| Am element that is shiny and conducts heat and electric current | metal |
| Element that conducts heat and electricity poorly and can be a solid, liquid, or gas | nonmetal |
| Elements that have properties of both metals ans non metals, semi conductors | metalliods |
| Combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined | mixture |
| Homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout a single phase | solution |
| Substance that dissolves in a solvent | solute |
| Substance in which a solution dissolves | solvent |
| Amount of a substance in a given quanity of a mixture, solution, or ore | concentration |
| Ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure | solubility |
| Which side is the reactant on? 2OH + 2Cl --- 2OHCl | Left |
| Which side is the product on? 2OH + 2Cl -----2OHCl | right |
| Mixture in which the particles are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or a gas | suspension |
| Mixture consisting of tiny particles of a material that are intermediate in size between those in solution and those in suspensions | colloid |
| Positively charges subatomic particle | proton |
| Negatively charged subatomic particle | electron |
| Uncharged particle | Neutron |
| Sum of protons and neutrons | Atomic mass |
| Describes the mass of an atom | atomic mass unit |
| Number of protons in the nucleus | Atomic number |
| How many valence electrons do the elements in group 1 have? | 1 |
| How many valence electrons do the elements in group 18 have? | 8 |
| How many valence electrons to the elements in group 2 have? | 2 |
| How many valence electrons do the elements in group 13 have? | 3 |
| How many valence electrons do the elements in group 16 have? | 6 |
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